Drucksensoren aus Zirkonoxid-Keramik mit hochempfindlichen Sensorschichten

Schultes, G.; Cerino, Mario José Romellón; Langosch, Matthäus; Kuberczyk, Thomas; Vollberg, Dennis; Göttel, Dirk; Freitag-Weber, Olivia; Probst, Anne-Catherine

doi:10.1515/teme-2015-0096

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…These films offer gauge factors of 5 to 12 depending on the metal and carbon composition and the appropriate thermal ageing after thin film deposition (Schultes et al, 2018). For the metalcarbon films, the best results regarding temperature stability are achieved with an alloy composition of 50 wt % of Ni and 50 wt % of Cr, designated as Ni 50 Cr 50 -C : H. The Wheatstone bridge layout was structured by UV-laser ablation, also described in Schultes et al (2015). To realize a good electrical connection for the lead wires and a temperature sensor R temp , the membrane was partially equipped with a further thin film sandwich of NiCr/Ni/Au with a high temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR ≈ 3000 ppm K −1 ).…”

Section: Sensing Element and Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart in-cylinder pressure sensor for closed-loop combustion control

Vollberg

Schultes

Groh

et al. 2022

J. Sens. Sens. Syst.

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Abstract. Our approach of a closed-loop combustion control is built on an intensively evaluated robust cylinder pressure sensor with integrated smart electronics and an openly programmed engine control unit. The presented pressure sensor consists of a steel membrane and a highly strain-sensitive thin film with laser-welded electrical contacts. All components are optimized for reliable operation at high temperatures. The sensor setup safely converts the in-cylinder pressure of a combustion engine at temperatures of up to 200 ∘C into the desired electrical values. Furthermore, the embedded smart electronics provides a fast analogue to digital conversion and subsequently computes significant combustion parameters in real time, based on implemented thermodynamic equations, namely the 50 % mass fraction burned, the indicated mean effective pressure, the maximum pressure and a digital value, which represents the intensity of knocking. Only these aggregated parameters – not the running pressure values – are sent to the engine control unit. The data communication between the smart sensor and the engine control unit is based on the controller area network bus system, which is widely spread in the automotive industry and allows a robust data transfer minimizing electrical interferences. The established closed-loop combustion control is able to control the ignition angle in accordance with the 50 % mass fraction burned at a certain crankshaft angle. With this loop, the combustion engine is controlled and run efficiently even if the ignition angle is intentionally incorrectly adjusted. The controlled and automatic correction of simulated ageing effects is demonstrated as well as the self-adjustment of an efficient operation when different fuels are used. In addition, our approach saves the computing capacity of the engine control unit by outsourcing the data processing to the sensor system.

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Section: Sensing Element and Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart in-cylinder pressure sensor for closed-loop combustion control

Vollberg

Schultes

Groh

et al. 2022

J. Sens. Sens. Syst.

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“…The thin film sensor materials are described elsewhere Schultes et al, 2018;Schwebke et al, 2018). In brief, the backing material of the strain gauges is a 50 µm thick polyimide (PI) foil to ensure a good electrical insulation to the steel.…”

Section: Non-intrusive Force Compression Rodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cylinder pressure sensors for smart combustion control

Vollberg¹,

Wachter²,

Kuberczyk³

et al. 2019

J. Sens. Sens. Syst.

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Abstract. Different sensor concepts for time-resolved cylinder pressure monitoring of combustion engines are realized and evaluated in this paper. We distinguish a non-intrusive form of measurement outside the cylinder, performed by means of a force compression rod from intrusive, real in-cylinder measurement by means of pressure membrane sensors being exposed to the hot combustion process. The force compression rod has the shape of a sine wave with thinner zones equipped with highly sensitive foil strain gauges that experience a relatively moderate temperature level of 120 ∘C. The sensor rod delivers a relative pressure value that may be influenced by neighbour cylinders due to mechanical coupling. For the intrusive sensor type, two different materials for the membrane-type sensor element were simulated and tested, one based on the ceramic zirconia and the other based on stainless steel. Due to the higher thermal conductivity of steel, the element experiences only 200 ∘C while the zirconia element reaches 300 ∘C. Metallic chromium thin films with high strain sensitivity (gauge factor of 15) and high-temperature capability were deposited on the membranes and subsequently structured to a Wheatstone bridge. The pressure evolution can be measured with both types in full detail, comparable to the signals of test bench cylinder pressure sensors. For the preferential steel-based sensor type, a reliable laser-welded electrical connection between the thin films on the membrane and a copper wire was developed. The in-cylinder pressure sensors were tested both on a diesel test bench and on a gas-fired engine. On the latter, an endurance test with 20 million cycles was passed. Reliable cylinder pressure sensors with a minimum of internal components are thus provided. The signals will be processed inside the sensor housing to provide analysis and aggregated data, i.e. mass fraction burned (MFB50) and other parameters as an output to allow for smart combustion control.

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A Human Body Pressure Distribution Imaging System Based on Wavelet Analysis and Resistance Tomography

Zhao

Wang

Guo

et al. 2017

Sensors

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In this paper, a pressure distribution sensing system based on wavelet analysis and resistance tomography is proposed to overcome the shortcomings of a traditional electrode type pressure distribution sensor, which needs to be arranged with many electrodes and has a high production cost. The system uses ADS1256, a constant current source module, a serial communication module, a Raspberry host, a touch screen, and other components. The wavelet transform is used to preprocess the collected signal to improve the anti-jamming performance of the system. The method of resistance tomography is used to realize the real-time imaging of pressure distribution. Finally, the reliability of the system is verified using conductive silica gel as a sensitive material. The experimental results show that wavelet analysis preprocessing can significantly improve the quality of pressure distribution imaging.

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Drucksensoren aus Zirkonoxid-Keramik mit hochempfindlichen Sensorschichten

Abstract: ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag stellen wir ein neues Konzept zum Aufbau von resistiv arbeitenden Drucksensoren vor. Durch die Entwicklung von hochempfindlichen Funktionsschichten im Verbund mit Sensorkörpern aus der Hochleistungskeramik ZrO

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Smart in-cylinder pressure sensor for closed-loop combustion control

Smart in-cylinder pressure sensor for closed-loop combustion control

Cylinder pressure sensors for smart combustion control

A Human Body Pressure Distribution Imaging System Based on Wavelet Analysis and Resistance Tomography

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