Drug Interactions of Medications Commonly Used in Diabetes

Triplitt, Curtis

doi:10.2337/diaspect.19.4.202

Cited by 88 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…27,28 The other underlying factors leading to the sub-therapeutic plasma drug concentrations in circulation could be due to the use of herbs that could lead to drugherbal interaction in some of the HIV-infected patients who are using them and not reported. 39,42,43 The herbal medications can induce the CYP450 enzyme system leading to increased elimination (metabolism and excretion) of the drugs from the body hence reducing their half-lives and the available drug concentrations required to suppress the HIV virus in the patients. 39,42,43 The variation in the HIV viral load in the individual HIV infected patients could also be due to the latent HIV viral reservoir in the infected cells such as the dendritic cells that are established early in infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…39,42,43 The herbal medications can induce the CYP450 enzyme system leading to increased elimination (metabolism and excretion) of the drugs from the body hence reducing their half-lives and the available drug concentrations required to suppress the HIV virus in the patients. 39,42,43 The variation in the HIV viral load in the individual HIV infected patients could also be due to the latent HIV viral reservoir in the infected cells such as the dendritic cells that are established early in infection. The HIV reservoirs have been reported in the maintenance of viral persistence despite highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) and therefore it makes it harder to eradicate the HIV virus completely from the body fluid compartments and tissues as well as in the sanctuary sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does chronic alcohol use by HIV-infected patients on d4T/3TC/NVP drug regimen effect the HIV viral load and what is the therapeutic window of the drugs, CD4+ count and WBC count in patients with high viral load during the 9 months period of follow up?

Bbosa

Anokbonggo

Kyegombe

et al. 2013

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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The study investigated the effects of chronic alcohol use on HIV viral load in HIV-infected patients on d4T/3TC/NVP drug regimen during 9 months follow up period. It also determined plasma drug concentrations of d4T, 3TC and NVP; CD4 + and WBC counts for patients with high HIV viral load. A casecontrol study using repeated measures with serial measurements was used. A total of 41 patients (20 alcohol group and 21 control group) were screened for alcohol use using WHO AUDIT tool and chronic alcohol use biomarkers. Blood sampling was done at 3 month intervals for a period of 9 months. HIV viral load was determined using Roche Amplicor HIV-1 monitor test, version 1.5 (Amplicor). The d4T, 3TC and NVP concentrations were determined by Shimadzu Class-VPTM HPLC Chromatography data system version 6.1. The CD4 + cell count was determined using FACSCalibur flow cytometer. The WBC was determined using automated hematological Coulter CBC-5 Hematology Analyzer system. Results show that % patients with HIV viral load ≥400 copies/ml in control group was highest (23.8%, n=5) at 3 month while in chronic alcohol use group, it was at 0 month (35%, n=7) for both WHO AUDIT tool and chronic alcohol-use biomarkers groups. Generally patients with high viral load ≥400 copies/ml was observed in chronic alcohol use as compared to control group in both WHO AUDIT tool and biomarkers group despite of patients having high steady state d4T, 3TC and NVP plasma drug concentrations in circulation that is available to suppress HIV virus. The high viral load could be associated with the emergence of resistance of the HIV virus and these patients generally had a low CD4 + cell count. Some of these patients had no detectable d4T plasma drug concentrations in circulation and most of them with high viral load had sub-therapeutic NVP plasma drug concentrations in their blood circulation. Chronic ethanol use by HIV-infected patients on d4T/3TC/NVP drug regimen increased HIV viral load and the patients with high viral load had sub-therapeutic NVP plasma drug concentrations and some with undetectable d4T drug concentrations in their blood circulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does chronic alcohol use by HIV-infected patients on d4T/3TC/NVP drug regimen effect the HIV viral load and what is the therapeutic window of the drugs, CD4+ count and WBC count in patients with high viral load during the 9 months period of follow up?

Bbosa

Anokbonggo

Kyegombe

et al. 2013

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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“…8 Like other statins it principally reduces total cholesterol (in hypercholesterolemia), LDL cholesterol (in hyperlipoproteinemia), triglycerides (in hypertriglyceridemia), lip ids (in dyslipidemia) and increases HDL cholesterol (in hypolipoprteinemia) 9 to cure atherosclerosis, thrombosis 3 and coronary artery disease. 4 Long term statin therapy usually needs coadministration of different classes of drugs 10 and multivitamins that include essential and trace elements. 11,9 Most often the combination of drugs inside body may either increase or reduce the efficacy of either drug or themselves; or may cause any side effects; or may be support Submission Date: 16-10-2016; Revision Date: 25-11-2016; Accepted Date: 27-11-2016 ive in any other activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of Metal Complexes of Rosuvastatin

Tabassum¹,

Arayne²,

Sultana³

2017

IJPER

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Context: Rosuvastatin is a cholesterol lowering drug. It belongs to class statin. It is prescribed to the patients of coronary artery disease; atherosclerosis; thrombosis; increased low-density-lipoprotein; lipid and triglyceride. Aims:It is a newer drug in market and studies over the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics are in progress. Statin therapy is a long term treatment for which its behavior in the presence of other agents is necessary. For this purpose present study is based on the interaction of the drug with essential and trace elements present in human body or co-administered during multivitamin therapy. Settings and Design: Complexes of rosuvastatin with Cd(II), Cr(II), Mn(II), Fe(III), Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) i.e., metals commonly present in multivitamins, were synthesized in laboratory. Methanolic solution of rosuvastatin with metal chloride salts was reacted. Methods and Material: Reaction between drug and metals was carried out in thermostat at 80 o C for five hours with timely TLC monitoring for completion of reaction. These newly synthesized complexes were identified by IR and NMR spectroscopy and CHN elemental microanalysis and the structure of complexes was proposed. Results: Analyses suggest two molecules of rosuvastatin co-ordinate with the central metal atom through their carboxylic group. CS Chem3D ultra suggests square planner structure of the complex. Conclusions: Synthesis of compounds proposes that rosuvastatin can bind to metals as ligand through its pharmocophore site that may lead to reduced activity of drug and metal both. The study is precursor to in vitro and in vivo study of interaction of drug and metals.

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“…Patients also have many concerns when multiple medications are initiated, including prescribing errors, the cost of medications, and possible adverse effects. These worries are not unfounded given that several drugs have been withdrawn from the market in the past several years because of adverse effects from drug interactions [3], [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Drug Interactions Study of Lisinopril with Metformin

Amorha¹

2013

IOSR-JPBS

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: This study investigates the in vitro interactions of lisinopril with metformin which is important forthe possible formulation of polypills comprising both drugs. The study was conducted using the USP apparatus II paddle method. The media used were buffer pH 1.2, 4.5, and 6.8 (p = 0.0052; p = 0.0037; and p = 0.0155, respectively). The effect of metformin on the dissolution profile of lisinopril was only statistically significant at pH 1.2 and 6.8 with an increase in the percentage of lisinopril released (p = 0.0062; p =0.0036, respectively), and no statistically significant difference at pH 4.5 (p = 0.7174). Thus, the co-administration of metformin with lisinopril could alter the bioavailability of both drugs. More studies may be conducted in vivo to further ascertain the level of interactions using animal or human model.

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Drug Interactions of Medications Commonly Used in Diabetes

Cited by 88 publications

References 43 publications

Does chronic alcohol use by HIV-infected patients on d4T/3TC/NVP drug regimen effect the HIV viral load and what is the therapeutic window of the drugs, CD4+ count and WBC count in patients with high viral load during the 9 months period of follow up?

Does chronic alcohol use by HIV-infected patients on d4T/3TC/NVP drug regimen effect the HIV viral load and what is the therapeutic window of the drugs, CD4+ count and WBC count in patients with high viral load during the 9 months period of follow up?

Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of Metal Complexes of Rosuvastatin

In Vitro Drug Interactions Study of Lisinopril with Metformin

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