Drug-sensitive tuberculosis, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, and nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease in nonAIDS adults: comparisons of thin-section CT findings

Abstract

The aim of this work was to compare thin-section CT (TSCT) findings of drug-sensitive (DS) tuberculosis (TB), multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB, and nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) pulmonary disease in nonAIDS adults. During 2003, 216 (113 DS TB, 35 MDR TB, and 68 NTM) patients with smear-positive sputum for acid-fast bacilli (AFB), and who were subsequently confirmed to have mycobacterial pulmonary disease, underwent thoracic TSCT. The frequency of lung lesion patterns on TSCT and patients' demographic data were compared. The commonest TSCT findings were tree-in-bud opacities and nodules. On a per-person basis, significant differences were found in the frequency of multiple cavities and bronchiectasis (P < 0.001, chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis). Multiple cavities were more frequent in MDR TB than in the other two groups and extensive bronchiectasis in NTM disease (multiple logistic regression analysis). Patients with MDR TB were younger than those with DS TB or NTM disease (P < 0.001, multiple logistic regression analysis). Previous tuberculosis treatment history was significantly more frequent in patients with MDR TB or NTM disease (P < 0.001, chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis). In patients with positive sputum AFB, multiple cavities, young age, and previous tuberculosis treatment history imply MDR TB, whereas extensive bronchiectasis, old age, and previous tuberculosis treatment history NTM disease.

Risk factors of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis in central Nepal: A pilot study

“…In Nepal, levels of drug resistance are very high, with nearly 14.7% of new patients resistant to at least one drug 2 Previous treatment of tuberculosis has been consistently reported as the risk factor within various clinical conditions and populations. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The present study also revealed that previous treatment of tuberculosis was strongly associated with MDR TB OR =2.799 (95 % CI 1.159 to 6.667) (p=0.020).According to the National Tuberculosis Programme's Nepal National Survey in 2007, MDR among new cases of TB is 2.9% and MDR among previously treated cases is at 11% thereby giving a ratio of approximately 4:1 for prevalence of MDR in these groups, 2 this pattern holds true in our study too. Lomtadze et.…”

Association between microsatellite polymorphisms in intron II of the human Toll-like receptor 2 gene and nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in a Korean population

“…On high-resolution computed tomography all patients had characteristic findings, such as bilateral bronchiectasis combined with multiple small nodules and branching linear structures [3][4][5]. The diagnosis of NTM lung disease was made when patients met the clinical, radiographic, and microbiologic diagnostic criteria published by the American Thoracic Society [1].…”

“…High-resolution computed tomography reveals characteristic multifocal bronchiectasis combined with multiple small nodules (nodular bronchiectasis) [3][4][5]. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) and Mycobacterium abscessus are the most common causes of these forms of NTM lung disease [1][2][3][4][5].…”

CT and microbiologic follow-up in primary multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis

“…Moreover, MDR-TB is characterized clinically by multiple cavities at CT, young patient age at the presentation, and the presence of previous history of TB chemotherapy (6,7).…”