Dual anticancer drug/superparamagnetic iron oxide-loaded PLGA-based nanoparticles for cancer therapy and magnetic resonance imaging

Magnetic Nanoparticles for Precision Oncology: Theranostic Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Image-Guided and Targeted Cancer Therapy

“…Such a precision oncology approach using imageguided drug delivery system, or theranostic nanoparticles, should allow timely assessment and adjustment of treatment strategies for cancer patients. In addition to the promising imaging property, theranostic nanoparticles have been produced to carry a single therapeutic agent or the combination of two or more drugs [80,81], including chemotherapy drugs, small-molecule agents, photosensitizers and siRNAs. Significant advantages of nanoparticle-formulated drug delivery include: first, increasing the effective drug dose by selective delivery of a large amount of drug molecules, especially highly insoluble drug-loaded nanoparticles, into the tumor while reducing systemic side effects [82]; second, protecting drug molecules or biological therapeutic agents (siRNAs or peptides) from degradation before reaching target tissues and cells [83] and third, targeted delivery through cell receptors that bypasses multidrug-resistant mechanisms on the tumor cell membrane [84].…”

Synthesis and characterization of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and utilization of SPIONs in X-ray imaging

“…The only metal nanoparticles approved by Food and Drug Administration are iron-oxide nanoparticles (Colombo et al 2012). Among the various nanoparticles, superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPIONs) particularly magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) and maghemite (c-Fe 2 O 3 ), are researched for their resourcefulness in medical applications like theranostics, hyperthermia, drug delivery, magnet influenced radionuclide therapy, contrasting agents for imaging purposes, and MRI (Schleich et al 2013;Bolden et al 2008;Kievit and Zhang 2011;Cortajarena et al 2014;Jalilian et al 2009;Talelli et al 2009: Shubayev et al 2009Lee and Hyeon 2012). SPIONs can be used for targeted drug delivery as it can be guided through external magnets as they possess superparamagnetism, and in addition, they do not show magnetic interaction once the external magnetic field is stopped (Li et al 2016;Leder et al 2015).…”

Study of Thermal Degradation of PLGA, PLGA Nanospheres and PLGA/Maghemite Superparamagnetic Nanospheres

“…Because of their magnetic properties, such materials may be driven to specific sites, such as a tumor, carried by the action of a magnetic field. Due to the magnetic properties, these materials may be submitted to the action of certain types/intensities of magnetic fields, causing the temperature to rise, which, in turn, has the ability to destroy cancer cells, whose susceptibility to heat is higher than that of normal cells [11][12][13] . Cancer is a multifaceted and genomically complex disease and rapidly emerging experimental evidence has started to shed light on wide ranging factors which underlie cancer development and progression.…”

“…Confluence of information suggested various nanotechnological approaches to enhance delivery of anticancer agents to the tumor site [14][15][16][17] . Still, because of the degradation ability of PLGA, these materials can be drug carriers, which will, in turn, be released in these specific locations, thus decreasing the side effects caused by medicines to normal cells [11][12][13] . However, besides knowing the properties previously mentioned, it is important to know the behavior of the material that is being processed, to avoid future problems as stability loss or degradation.…”