Dynamic Accommodation Responses to Stationary Colored Targets

Atchison, David A.; Strang, Niall C.; Stark, Lawrence

doi:10.1097/01.opx.0000144749.73094.fd

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In experiment 1, we also found no effect of LCA on the variance in the accommodative lag. This supports the findings of Atchison et al (2004) who showed that the accommodative response does not switch between accommodating to one colour and then another.…”

Section: Interim Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…There were, however, no significant effects of chromaticity separation on the variance in the lag detected in Experiment 1 or in Experiment 2. Atchison et al (2004) compared the variance in the accommodative response to achromatic images and 'multichromatic' images (chromatic Maltise cross on a coloured background). There was no significant difference between the variance in the accommodative response to the multichromatic images and the variance in the response to the achromatic images.…”

Section: Interim Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accommodation to Uncomfortable Patterns

et al. 2013

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Grating patterns can cause discomfort and perceptual distortions. Individuals who experience discomfort and are susceptible to these distortions generally show weaker accommodation than those who are less susceptible. We measured the accommodative response to grating patterns known to differ in the discomfort they evoke because of differences in their colour, motion or spatial frequency. The parameters known to affect discomfort and distortion had no influence on the mean or variance in the accommodative response, even when accommodative demand was manipulated systematically and the accommodative response varied as expected.3

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Section: Interim Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Interim Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accommodation to Uncomfortable Patterns

et al. 2013

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“…With a black 6/30 Snellen letter target against a uniform monochrome field, the background colour had only minor effects on the fluctuations but there was a systematic change in the mean response with wavelength, associated with the longitudinal chromatic aberration of the eye. Similarly, Atchison et al . found that, in most individuals, steady‐state viewing of multichromatic targets did not significantly increase the variation in accommodative response as compared with that for broadband achromatic targets.…”

Section: Later Workmentioning

confidence: 88%

Microfluctuations in accommodation: an update on their characteristics and possible role

Charman

Heron

2015

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

113

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Purpose: Following the recognition, some 80 years ago, that the accommodation of the eye is not stable but fluctuates over a range of about AE0.5 D, mainly at frequencies of up to a few Hz, there has been a continuing interest in the characteristics of these microfluctuations (MFs) and their possible role in the control of accommodation. This paper reviews relevant work carried out since 1988, when we previously reviewed the same topic (Charman WN, Heron G. Fluctuations in accommodation: a review. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 1988; 8: 153-164). Recent findings: Studies relating to the effects on the MFs of stimulus form, luminance and vergence are described, together with those of pupil diameter, age and ametropia. Important advances in the understanding of the links between the characteristics of the MFs and those of the cardiopulmonary system, higher-order aberrations and ocular depth-of-focus are outlined. Only limited progress has been made in understanding the role of MFs in accommodation control. Summary: While the dependence of the characteristics of the MFs in relation to observing conditions is now reasonably well understood, their involvement in accommodation control still needs clarification. The current consensus appears to be that any role is more likely to be concerned with maintaining an appropriate response, rather than in initiating responses to abrupt changes in stimulus vergence. Fluctuations at lower temporal frequencies (<0.6 Hz) are probably important to the control process, which may make use of the associated changes in the contrast and spatial frequency spectrum of the retinal image.

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“…When focusing on the target combined with different colours, the focus may not be very accurate because lights of different wavelengths have their focus points at different locations on the retina. However, various text-background colour combinations on electronic visual displays show no significant difference in the accommodative response, which may stem from the fact that different subjects use different focus strategies [ 23 , 24 ]. Some studies found that light with narrow spectral bandwidth can’t drive accurate accommodation [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of colour and temporal frequency of flickering light on variability of the accommodation response in emmetropes and myopes

et al. 2021

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Background Myopia is hypothesized to be influenced by environmental light conditions. For example, it has been shown that colour and temporal frequency of flickering light affect emmetropisation in animals. Considering the omnipresence of flickering light in our daily life, we decided to analyze the effect of colour flickers on variability of the accommodation response (VAR) in emmetropes and myopes. Methods We measured the dynamic accommodative responses of 19 emmetropic and 22 myopic adults using a Grand Seiko WAM-5500 open-field autorefractor. The subjects focused for more than 20 s on a black Snellen E target against three different backgrounds made up of three colour flicker combinations (red/green, red/blue and blue/green) and under five frequency conditions (0.20 Hz, 0.50 Hz, 1.00 Hz, 1.67 Hz, and 5.00 Hz). Results Flicker frequency and colour both had a significant effect on VAR. Lower frequencies were associated with larger variability. Colour had an effect only at low frequencies, and red/blue colour flicker resulted in the largest variability. The variability in myopes were larger than those in emmetropes. Conclusions These findings support the hypothesis that further studies on the colour and temporal frequency of flickering light can lead to a better understanding of the development and progression of myopia.

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Dynamic Accommodation Responses to Stationary Colored Targets

Abstract: In most individuals, viewing multichromatic targets does not increase significantly the variation in accommodative response as compared with broadband black-and-white targets.

Cited by 8 publications

References 49 publications

Accommodation to Uncomfortable Patterns

Accommodation to Uncomfortable Patterns

Microfluctuations in accommodation: an update on their characteristics and possible role

The effects of colour and temporal frequency of flickering light on variability of the accommodation response in emmetropes and myopes

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