Dynamic Causal Modeling of the Relationship between Cognition and Theta–alpha Oscillations in Adults with Down Syndrome

Hamburg, Sarah; Rosch, Richard; Startin, Carla M.; Friston, Karl J.; Strydom, André

doi:10.1093/cercor/bhz043

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…During NREM sleep, cortical slow waves were shallower in TS mice while low gamma oscillations were amplified, further reflecting prolonged episodes of light sleep. In addition, NREM PFC-HPC theta phase synchronization was augmented compared to WTs, in concordance with previous EEG studies (43). Our observations of increased cortical activity and cross-regional synchronization during sleep in Ts65Dn mice may explain insomnia in DS, as recently suggested by studies in human subjects (47).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…During quiet wakefulness, spiking activity and theta power in the PFC and HPC were increased in TS mice. Cortical theta oscillations are associated with working memory and cognitive flexibility (40)(41)(42) and are augmented in adults with DS (43). These large prefrontal theta oscillations predicted poor memory performance in TS mice and were reduced by EGCG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Prefrontal–hippocampal functional connectivity encodes recognition memory and is impaired in intellectual disability

Alemany-González

Gener

Nebot

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Down syndrome (DS) is the most common form of intellectual disability. The cognitive alterations in DS are thought to depend on brain regions critical for learning and memory such as the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the hippocampus (HPC). Neuroimaging studies suggest that increased brain connectivity correlates with lower intelligence quotients (IQ) in individuals with DS; however, its contribution to cognitive impairment is unresolved. We recorded neural activity in the PFC and HPC of the trisomic Ts65Dn mouse model of DS during quiet wakefulness, natural sleep, and the performance of a memory test. During rest, trisomic mice showed increased theta oscillations and cross-frequency coupling in the PFC and HPC while prefrontal–hippocampal synchronization was strengthened, suggesting hypersynchronous local and cross-regional processing. During sleep, slow waves were reduced, and gamma oscillations amplified in Ts65Dn mice, likely reflecting prolonged light sleep. Moreover, hippocampal sharp-wave ripples were disrupted, which may have further contributed to deficient memory consolidation. Memory performance in euploid mice correlated strongly with functional connectivity measures that indicated a hippocampal control over memory acquisition and retrieval at theta and gamma frequencies, respectively. By contrast, trisomic mice exhibited poor memory abilities and disordered prefrontal–hippocampal functional connectivity. Memory performance and key neurophysiological alterations were rescued after 1 month of chronic administration of a green tea extract containing epigallocatequin-3-gallate (EGCG), which improves executive function in young adults with DS and Ts65Dn mice. Our findings suggest that abnormal prefrontal–hippocampal circuit dynamics are candidate neural mechanisms for memory impairment in DS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prefrontal–hippocampal functional connectivity encodes recognition memory and is impaired in intellectual disability

Alemany-González

Gener

Nebot

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Thus, due to the facts mentioned above, the simultaneous causal interaction between bilateral gait was taken into account for purposes of analysis in this study. (2) As is widely known, time series observed in nature usually contain oscillatory components within a specific frequency band [36], [37]. For physiological signals, such as electroencephalography, their Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gait Analysis by Causal Decomposition

Peng

Feng

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng.

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Abstract-Recent studies have investigated bilateral gaits based on the causality analysis of kinetic (or kinematic) signals recorded using both feet. However, these approaches have not considered the influence of their simultaneous causation, which might lead to inaccurate causality inference. Furthermore, the causal interaction of these signals has not been investigated within their frequency domain. Therefore, in this study we attempted to employ a causal-decomposition approach to analyze bilateral gait. The vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) signals of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and healthy control (HC) individuals were taken as an example to illustrate this method. To achieve this, we used ensemble empirical mode decomposition to decompose the left and right VGRF signals into intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) from the high to low frequency bands. The causal interaction strength (CIS) between each pair of IMFs was then assessed through the use of their instantaneous phase dependency. The results show that the CISes between pairwise IMFs decomposed in the high frequency band of VGRF signals can not only markedly distinguish PD patients from HC individuals, but also found a significant correlation with disease progression, while other pairwise IMFs were not able to produce this. In sum, we found for the first time that the frequency specific causality of bilateral gait may reflect the health status and disease progression of individuals. This finding may help to understand the underlying mechanisms of walking and walking-related diseases, and offer broad applications in the fields of medicine and engineering.

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“…In Scz, self-inhibition and cognition were only associated – in the 40 Hz ASSR – in R A1. Interestingly, a rsEEG DCM study in Down syndrome (n=36) found intelligence was associated with self-inhibition in V1 33 . Why is unclear: self-inhibition may be estimated more efficiently in sensory regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational modelling of EEG and fMRI paradigms reveals a consistent loss of pyramidal cell synaptic gain in schizophrenia

Adams

Pinotsis

Tsirlis

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Diminished synaptic gain – the sensitivity of postsynaptic responses to neural inputs – may be a fundamental synaptic pathology in schizophrenia. Evidence for this is indirect, however. Furthermore, it is unclear whether pyramidal cells or interneurons (or both) are affected, or how these deficits relate to symptoms. Participants with schizophrenia (Scz, n=108), their relatives (n=57), and controls (n=107) underwent three electroencephalography paradigms – resting, mismatch negativity, and 40 Hz auditory steady-state response – and resting functional magnetic resonance imaging. Dynamic causal modelling was used to quantify synaptic connectivity in cortical microcircuits. Across all four paradigms, characteristic Scz data features were best explained by models with greater self-inhibition (decreased synaptic gain), in pyramidal cells. Furthermore, disinhibition in auditory areas predicted abnormal auditory perception (and positive symptoms) in Scz, in three paradigms. Thus, psychotic symptoms of Scz may result from a downregulation of inhibitory interneurons that may compensate for diminished postsynaptic gain in pyramidal cells.

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Dynamic Causal Modeling of the Relationship between Cognition and Theta–alpha Oscillations in Adults with Down Syndrome

Cited by 21 publications

References 69 publications

Prefrontal–hippocampal functional connectivity encodes recognition memory and is impaired in intellectual disability

Prefrontal–hippocampal functional connectivity encodes recognition memory and is impaired in intellectual disability

Gait Analysis by Causal Decomposition

Computational modelling of EEG and fMRI paradigms reveals a consistent loss of pyramidal cell synaptic gain in schizophrenia

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