Dynamic Online 3D Visualization Framework for Real-Time Energy Simulation Based on 3D Tiles

Abstract

Energy co-simulation can be used to analyze the dynamic energy consumption of a building or a region, which is essential for decision making in the planning and management of smart cities. To increase the accessibility of energy simulation results, a dynamic online 3D city model visualization framework based on 3D Tiles is proposed in this paper. Two types of styling methods are studied, attribute-based and ID map-based. We first perform the energy co-simulation and save the results in CityGML format with EnergyADE. Then the 3D geometry data of these city objects are combined with its simulation results as attributes or just with object ID information to generate Batched 3D Models (B3DM) in 3D Tiles. Next, styling strategies are pre-defined and can be selected by end-users to show different scenarios. Finally, during the visualization process, dynamic interactions and data sources are integrated into the styling generation to support real-time visualization. This framework is implemented with Cesium. Compared with existing dynamic online 3D visualization framework such as directly styling or Cesium Language (CZML), a JSON format for describing a time-dynamic graphical scene, primarily for display in a web browser running Cesium, the proposed framework is more flexible and has higher performance in both data transmission and rendering which is essential for real-time GIS applications.

[Retracted] 3D City Online Visualization and Cluster Architecture for Digital City

“…Among them, the elevation information of a point (in fact, a tiny neighborhood of this point) is determined on the surface H p , usually relative to the standard altitude or a certain reference plane, and for this purpose, the coordinates of the landmark point U p V p under the geodetic projection. The modeling of the digital elevation model refers to the establishment of a realistic terrain surface through surface fitting in the visualization process [19,20]. According to different data sources, there are three common modeling methods: based on irregular triangulation, based on regular grid, and based on contour model.…”

“…The surface area is calculated as the real area of the surface grid unit [20], and the surface area can be solved by this method.…”

Dynamic and Web-Based 4d Visualization of Streetspace Activities Derived From Traffic Simulations and Semantic 3d City Models

“…Methods for representing time-evolving 3D city models using 3DTiles, including different building states such as creation, modification or demolition, are described in (Jaillot et al, 2020). (Mao et al, 2020) present dynamic style animations of energy simulations using 3DTiles. The integration of dynamic sensor data with city models plays a central role in the context of smart cities.…”

ATON: An Open-Source Framework for Creating Immersive, Collaborative and Liquid Web-Apps for Cultural Heritage

“…Tiles is an open specification built on glTF developed by Cesium [16] for sharing, visualizing and interacting with massive heterogeneous 3D geospatial content, highresolution photogrammetry datasets or BIM [17] across desktop, web, and mobile applications [18]. The foundation of 3D Tiles is a spatial data structure that enables Hierarchical Level of Detail (H-LOD) so only visible tiles are streamed and rendered, thus suitable to maintain interactive performances.…”