Dynamics of Bianchi I cosmologies in f(R) gravity in the Palatini formalism

Mid-gap phenomena in chalcogenide glasses and barrier-cluster-heating model

“…In [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] an explanation of the origin of optical absorption exponential tails based on BCH model was presented. There, the reader finds a basic understanding of this model.…”

“…There, the reader finds a basic understanding of this model. The barrier-cluster-heating model of the disordered semiconductors assumes that an amorphous semiconductor consists of nanoregions separated from each other by potential barriers [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. These nano-regions are created in CHG by closed clusters.…”

“…The number of electron transitions when irradiating material by "low energy" photons at temperature T is directly proportional to the exp(-(2W -hf ))/kT. For the absorption coefficient α it can be [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] than the relation ln α ~ hf + const derived, which is a mathematical expression of an exponential tail. However, the slope of tails is also temperature dependent.…”

“…However, the slope of tails is also temperature dependent. More detailed information can be found in [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

“…In spite of the long history of experimental and theoretical studies, there are still no well-accepted models for electronic and optical phenomena in chalcogenide glasses [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. One possible view of the optical phenomena in CHG is barrier-cluster-heating model (BCH) [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. In the following we recall the basic idea of the model, and also how to explain the experimental facts concerning the optical properties of CHG, namely the photoluminescence spectra and optical absorption in CHG in terms of BCH model.…”