Dysbiosis index to evaluate the fecal microbiota in healthy cats and cats with chronic enteropathies

Sung, Chi-Hsuan; Marsilio, Sina; Chow, Betty; Zornow, Kailee A; Slovak, Jennifer E.; Pilla, Rachel; Lidbury, Jonathan A.; Steiner, Jöerg M.; Park, So Young; Hong, Min-Pyo; Hill, Steve; Suchodolski, Jan S.

doi:10.1177/1098612x221077876

Cited by 37 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…All of these differences may be contributing to fecal microbiome divergence among FMT recipients. Overall, our work aligns with prior findings that the fecal microbiome of cats varies with IBD diagnosis [72] and degrees of intestinal dysbiosis or enteropathy [73,74].…”

Section: Host Predictors Of Fecal Microbiome Alpha-and Beta-diversitysupporting

confidence: 88%

Microbiome Responses to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Cats with Chronic Digestive Issues

Rojas¹,

Entrolezo²,

Jarett³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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There is growing interest in the application of fecal microbiota transplants (FMTs) in small animal medicine, but there are few published studies that have tested their effectiveness in the domestic cat (Felis catus). Here we use 16S rRNA gene sequencing to examine fecal microbiome changes in 68 domestic cats with chronic digestive issues that underwent FMT treatment using lyophilized stool that was delivered in oral capsules. Fecal samples were collected from FMT recipients before and two weeks after treatment, as well as from their stool donors, and healthy animals. We found that according to their owners, 77% of cats were reported to show improvement in their clinical signs (termed ‘Responders’), and 23% were reported to exhibit no change or a worsening of their clinical signs (termed ‘Non-Responders’). Variation in the fecal microbiomes of FMT recipients most strongly correlated with host clinical signs, diet, and IBD diagnosis. The relative abundances of Collinsella, Negativibacillus, Parabacteroides, and Peptoclostridium changed differentially in FMT recipients. Overall, on average 13% of the bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were shared between stool donors and FMT recipients (excluding ASVs already present in FMT recipients prior to treatment). The most commonly shared ASVs were classified as Prevotella 9, Peptoclostridium, Bacteroides, Collinsella and unclassified Lachnospiraceae. Lastly, FMT recipients that had recently taken antibiotics exhibited increases in microbiome similarity to an age-matched healthy reference set compared to other cats. Cats that had diarrhea or diarrhea with vomiting became more similar to healthy cats than did cats exhibiting other clinical signs. Overall, our results suggest that oral capsule FMT treatment was effective in this group of cats and microbiome responses may be modulated by the FMT recipient’s initial presenting clinical signs, prior IBD diagnosis, recent antibiotic use, and their diet.

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Section: Host Predictors Of Fecal Microbiome Alpha-and Beta-diversitysupporting

confidence: 88%

Microbiome Responses to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Cats with Chronic Digestive Issues

Rojas¹,

Entrolezo²,

Jarett³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The fecal microbiota was evaluated based on the fecal DI [ 12 ] using quantitative PCR, as described previously [ 22 ]. DI > 2 indicates intestinal dysbiosis and values between 0 and 2 were considered equivocal.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Fusobacterium spp., Clostridium hiranonis , Clostridium perfringens , and Lactobacillus spp.) were normalized to the qPCR data for total bacteria [ 22 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Canine-Obtained Lactic-Acid Bacteria on the Fecal Microbiota and Inflammatory Markers in Dogs Receiving Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Treatment

Herstad

Vinje

Skancke

et al. 2022

Animals

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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may cause enteropathy in dogs and probiotics may be one option to prevent this. The objective of this study was to determine whether the administration of canine-obtained lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has an effect on the frequency of diarrhea, the composition of the fecal microbiota, and/or markers of gastrointestinal inflammation in dogs receiving NSAIDs when compared to dogs given NSAIDs and a placebo. A total of 22 dogs treated with NSAIDs for various clinical indications were enrolled in a seven-day randomized, double-blinded placebo-controlled interventional study. Dogs were randomized to receive either placebo or LAB, a product containing Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. Fecal samples were collected on days one and seven. The fecal microbiota was evaluated using the fecal dysbiosis index (DI) and individual bacterial taxa. Fecal calprotectin (CP) and S100A12/Calgranulin C concentrations were used as markers of gastrointestinal inflammation. There was a difference in frequency of diarrhea between groups, with it affecting 4/12 dogs (33%) in the placebo group and 1/10 dogs (10%) in the LAB group, but this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.32). There was a correlation between S100A12 and CP (p < 0.001), and Clostridium perfringens correlated with S100A12 (p < 0.015). Neither treatment significantly affected S100A12 (p = 0.37), CP (p = 0.12), or fecal DI (p = 0.65). This study suggests that LAB is a safe supplement to use for short-term treatment in NSAID-treated dogs, but further studies are needed to determine its potential to prevent NSAID-induced enteropathy in dogs.

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“…Moreover, our health-prevalent/-scarce species were used to confirm the health relevance of a newly computed ‘Longevous Gut Microbiota Signature’ species set found by Xu et al (2022) . As an interesting extension of our tool for household pets, the GMWI strategy was applied to assess the gut health of cats ( Sung et al , 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GMWI-webtool: a user-friendly browser application for assessing health through metagenomic gut microbiome profiling

et al. 2023

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Summary We recently introduced the Gut Microbiome Wellness Index, a stool metagenome-based indicator for assessing health by determining the likelihood of disease given the state of one’s gut microbiome. The calculation of our wellness index depends on the relative abundances of health-prevalent and health-scarce species. Encouragingly, GMWI has already been utilized in various studies focusing on differences in the gut microbiome between cases and controls. Herein, we introduce the GMWI-webtool, a user-friendly browser application that computes GMWI, health-prevalent/-scarce species’ relative abundances, and α-diversities from stool shotgun metagenome taxonomic profiles. Users of our interactive online tool can visualize their results and compare them side-by-side with those from our pooled reference dataset of metagenomes, as well as export data in.csv format and high-resolution figures. Availability and implementation GMWI-webtool is freely available here: https://gmwi-webtool.github.io/. Source code: https://github.com/danielchang2002/GMWI-webtool. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

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Dysbiosis index to evaluate the fecal microbiota in healthy cats and cats with chronic enteropathies

Cited by 37 publications

References 60 publications

Microbiome Responses to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Cats with Chronic Digestive Issues

Microbiome Responses to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Cats with Chronic Digestive Issues

Effects of Canine-Obtained Lactic-Acid Bacteria on the Fecal Microbiota and Inflammatory Markers in Dogs Receiving Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Treatment

GMWI-webtool: a user-friendly browser application for assessing health through metagenomic gut microbiome profiling

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