BackgroundThe treatment of heart failure has evolved in recent decades suggesting that
survival is increasing.ObjectiveTo verify whether there has been improvement in the survival of patients with
advanced heart failure.MethodsWe retrospectively compared the treatment and follow-up data from two cohorts of
patients with systolic heart failure admitted for compensation up to 2000 (n =
353) and after 2000 (n = 279). We analyzed in-hospital death, re-hospitalization
and death in 1 year of follow-up. We used Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test
for comparison between groups. The predictors of mortality were identified by
regression analysis through Cox proportional hazards model and survival analysis
by the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.ResultsThe patients admitted until 2000 were younger, had lower left ventricular
impairment and received a lower proportion of beta-blockers at discharge. The
survival of patients hospitalized before 2000 was lower than those hospitalized
after 2000 (40.1% vs. 67.4%; p<0.001). The independent predictors of mortality
in the regression analysis were: Chagas disease (hazard ratio: 1.9; 95% confidence
interval: 1.3-3.0), angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (hazard ratio: 0.6;
95% confidence interval: 0.4-0.9), beta-blockers (hazard ratio: 0.3; 95%
confidence interval: 0.2-0.5), creatinine ≥ 1.4 mg/dL (hazard ratio: 2.0;
95% confidence interval: 1.3-3.0), serum sodium ≤ 135 mEq/L (hazard ratio:
1.8; 95% confidence interval: 1.2-2.7).ConclusionsPatients with advanced heart failure showed a significant improvement in survival
and reduction in re-hospitalizations. The neurohormonal blockade, with
angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and beta-blockers, had an important role
in increasing survival of these patients with advanced heart failure.