E‐Skin Sensors: Piezoresistive E‐Skin Sensors Produced with Laser Engraved Molds (Adv. Electron. Mater. 9/2018)

Santos, Andréia dos; Pinela, Nuno; Alves, Pedro Urbano; Santos, Rodrigo L. dos; Fortunato, Elvira; Martins, Rodrigo; Águas, Hugo; Igreja, Rui

doi:10.1002/aelm.201870041

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The ultrahigh pressure sensitivity of 35.51 kPa −1 enables the sensor to be suitable for detecting subtle pressure touch. The pressure sensitivity of our piezoresistive sensor is orders of magnitude higher than that of conventional piezoresistive sensors [ 13,14,16,32,36 ] and three times higher than most microstructured piezoresistive sensors with well‐defined topologies, [ 5,6,15,17,30–32,34,35 ] which highlights the important role of the tentacle‐like conical micropillars for sensitivity enhancement. In the subsequent medium‐pressure range (0.25 kPa < σ < 4 kPa), our hierarchical composite sensor still possessed an exceptional pressure sensitivity of 11.71 kPa −1 for detecting small human motions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…[7,27] Piezoresistive sensors, which depend on the contact area variation of electrical conductors during mechanical deformations, have been considered as promising candidates for the next generation of high-performance pressure sensors, due to their simple device construction, easy signal processing, and readout circuits. [28,29] Recently, to fabricate highly sensitive piezoresistive sensors, geometry effect of foams [6,18,19,30] and engineered microstructures, such as interlocked nanofibers, [31] microdomes, [15] micropyramids, [16,32] hollow spheres, [33] and micropillars, [17] have been incorporated to increase the contact area variation with low-pressure loading. However, these singlelevel-structured piezoresistive sensors would lose their sensitivity with increased pressure because stress will accumulate and concentrate in the pre-existing contact area with the incremental deformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasensitive Hierarchical Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor for Wide‐Range Pressure Detection

Jiang

et al. 2021

Advanced Intelligent Systems

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Pressure sensitivity and wide range are two crucial features of flexible electromechanical sensors for applications in the next‐generation of intelligent electronics, such as wearable healthcare monitors and soft human–machine interfaces. Conventional pressure sensors have a narrow pressure range (<10 kPa) and complex fabrication processes, which significantly hinder their extensive applications. A facile laser‐engraving method is proposed to fabricate a flexible multiwalled‐carbon‐nanotube (MWCNTs)/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) composite‐based piezoresistive sensor with hierarchical microstructures. Herein, the nonstandard‐circular feature and Gaussian distributed facula of a laser spot are utilized to produce the middle‐level porous microdome upon the bottom‐level cylinder microcolumn array, while the top‐level tentacle‐like conical micropillars are produced by vertically rotating the acrylic mold during the laser engraving process. This novel hierarchical microstructure endows the proposed piezoresistive sensor with orders‐of‐magnitude of higher sensitivity (≈35.51 kPa−1) than that of other reported electromechanical sensors and a more extensive pressure sensing range up to 23 kPa. Moreover, the detection limit of the sensor is down to 2 Pa, which makes it a desirable candidate for monitoring subtle pressure. The sensor is successfully applied to distinguish the syllables of each pronounced word, detect movements of the human wrist, and monitor radial arterial pulse, thus demonstrating its promising applications in wearable electronics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasensitive Hierarchical Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor for Wide‐Range Pressure Detection

Jiang

et al. 2021

Advanced Intelligent Systems

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“…However, current researches on pressure sensors for living organisms are always studied separately to the in vitro detection and in vivo measurement. In general, there are plenty of options (such as the mature e-skin and other wearable systems) − for the in vitro pressure monitoring with different mechanisms (such as piezoelectricity, , piezoresistivity, , and capacitance) and matrix materials (including metal oxide, conductive polymer, graphene, − and other sensing materials − ). For example, Cheng et al fabricated a fiber conductor composed of moss-inspired gold nanowires and styrene-ethylenebutylene-styrene, which can be incorporated into a garment to exhibit the potential in wearable textile electronics .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Graphene Oxide-Polypyrrole Aerogel-Based Coaxial Heterogeneous Microfiber Enables Ultrasensitive Pressure Monitoring of Living Organisms

Jiang

Chai

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Pressure sensors for living organisms can monitor both the movement behavior of the organism and pressure changes of the organ, and they have vast perspectives for the health management information platform and disease diagnostics/treatment through the micropressure changes of organs. Although pressure sensors have been widely integrated with e-skin or other wearable systems for health monitoring, they have not been approved for comprehensive surveillance and monitoring of living organisms due to their unsatisfied sensing performance. To solve the problem, here, we introduce a novel structural design strategy to manufacture reduced graphene oxide-polypyrrole aerogel-based microfibers with a typical coaxial heterogeneous structure, which significantly enhances the sensitivity, resolution, and stability of the derived pressure microsensors. The as-fabricated pressure microsensors exhibit ultrahigh sensitivities of 12.84, 18.27, and 4.46 kPa–1 in the pressure ranges of 0–20, 20–40, and 40–65 Pa, respectively, high resolution (0.2 Pa), and good stability in 450 cycles. Furthermore, the microsensor is applied to detect the movement behavior and organic micropressure changes for mice and serves as a platform for monitoring micropressure for the integrative diagnosis both in vivo and in vitro of organisms.

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“…When a human–computer interaction occurs, the force acting on the tactile sensor often changes constantly in space and time. In other words, the dynamic tactile process requires a four-dimensional (4D) detection, which necessitates the time dimension. , However, the increase in the time dimension significantly increases the difficulty in designing and fabricating tactile sensors. The size of the detection unit for typical piezoresistive matrix tactile sensors may be in the millimeter range. , This is highly unfavorable for high-resolution tactile sensing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, the dynamic tactile process requires a four-dimensional (4D) detection, which necessitates the time dimension. , However, the increase in the time dimension significantly increases the difficulty in designing and fabricating tactile sensors. The size of the detection unit for typical piezoresistive matrix tactile sensors may be in the millimeter range. , This is highly unfavorable for high-resolution tactile sensing. Only if the magnitude of the active unit is on the order of nanoscale or submicron can the sensitive sensor array unit be reduced to the micron level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unsymmetrical Alveolate PMMA/MWCNT Film as a Piezoresistive E-Skin with Four-Dimensional Resolution and Application for Detecting Motion Direction and Airflow Rate

Chen

Liu

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Flexible and piezoresistive electronic skins (E-skins) with high spatial resolution are highly desired in artificial intelligence and human–machine interactions. In this study, a simple method is developed to pattern a piezoresistive layer using lithography, which can realize real-time tactile sensing and spatial resolution. The piezoresistive layer with a honeycomb hole array based on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was fabricated using a reverse mold with a ZnO nanorod array. The device exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 88 kPa–1 in the low-pressure regime (<10 kPa) and a fast response time of 110 ms owing to the conductive honeycomb structure. The E-skin-based PMMA/MWCNT honeycomb array film can be applied to monitor bending and vibration by changing the contact area of the hole walls. A 4 × 4 piezoresistive matrix was fabricated by lithography for a 16-pixel tactile-sensing E-skin, which realizes a four-dimensional resolution including the space and time resolutions of pressure points. In addition, by using the unsymmetrical structure of an alveolate PMMA/MWCNT film, the detection of direction and velocity for the movement and gas flow were realized. The obtained piezoresistive and unsymmetrical tactile sensor realized a four-dimensional resolution, including a three-dimensional space and a fourth dimension of timeline, which enables future applications of human–machine interactions.

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E‐Skin Sensors: Piezoresistive E‐Skin Sensors Produced with Laser Engraved Molds (Adv. Electron. Mater. 9/2018)

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Ultrasensitive Hierarchical Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor for Wide‐Range Pressure Detection

Ultrasensitive Hierarchical Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor for Wide‐Range Pressure Detection

Reduced Graphene Oxide-Polypyrrole Aerogel-Based Coaxial Heterogeneous Microfiber Enables Ultrasensitive Pressure Monitoring of Living Organisms

Unsymmetrical Alveolate PMMA/MWCNT Film as a Piezoresistive E-Skin with Four-Dimensional Resolution and Application for Detecting Motion Direction and Airflow Rate

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