Early Atherosclerosis in Obese Juveniles Is Associated with Low Serum Levels of Adiponectin

Pilz, Stefan; Horejsi, Renate; Möller, Reinhard; Almer, Gunter; Scharnagl, Hubert; Stojaković, Tatjana; Dimitrova, Roumiana; Weihrauch, Gisela; Borkenstein, Martin; Maerz, Winfried; Schauenstein, Konrad; Mangge, Harald

doi:10.1210/jc.2005-0167

Cited by 162 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Similarly, low levels of adiponectin are mechanistically linked to increased clearance rate of HDL-C (i.e., reduced numbers of this lipoprotein) 25 and are associated with increased progression of coronary artery calcium in adults 11 and increased carotid intima media thickness in children. 15 Moreover, hypoadiponectinemia is associated with visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, b-cell dysfunction, component factors of the metabolic syndrome, and inflammation in children and adolescents. 9,13,14,18,19,23 Together, these data suggest that leptin and adiponectin may play prominent roles in the early disease processes of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease and abnormal levels of these adipokines in childhood may reflect increased risk for developing these chronic diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Leptin and adiponectin, two of the most abundant adipokines secreted from adipocytes, have been implicated in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease [9][10][11][12] and are associated with metabolic syndrome, visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, b-cell dysfunction, inflammation, arterial stiffness, and subclinical atherosclerosis in children. 9,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Leptin plays a prominent role in energy metabolism through its interaction with the hypothalamus and, in the context of obesity, leptin is often produced in high quantities due to leptin resistance. 20 Importantly, leptin is an independent predictor of future weight-gain in obese youth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hyperleptinemia and Hypoadiponectinemia in Extreme Pediatric Obesity

Kelly

Metzig

Schwarzenberg

et al. 2012

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

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Background: Adiponectin and leptin, adipokines associated with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, have not been well characterized in extreme pediatric obesity. Therefore, levels were compared in youth that were extremely obese (EO) to normal weight (NW), overweight (OW), and obese (OB) youth. Methods: Leptin, adiponectin, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, fasting glucose, insulin, and lipids were obtained in 277 children and adolescents (age 13.4 -2.6 years; 152 boys). Participants were classified into four BMI groups (NW, OW, OB, EO). Variables were compared across groups using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for gender, age, and race. Results: Risk factors generally worsened across BMI groups. EO had significantly higher levels of leptin than OB (P < 0.0001), OW (P < 0.0001), and NW (P < 0.0001). Leptin was higher in OB compared to OW (P < 0.005) and NW (P < 0.0001) and higher in OW compared to NW (P < 0.0001). Adiponectin levels in EO did not significantly differ from OB or OW but were significantly lower than NW (P < 0.0001). Adiponectin was not significantly different among the OB, OW, and NW groups. Conclusions: Leptin was markedly elevated in EO children and adolescents, suggesting that this subset of obese youth may be at particularly high risk of future weight gain and potentially reduced response to weight-loss interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperleptinemia and Hypoadiponectinemia in Extreme Pediatric Obesity

Kelly

Metzig

Schwarzenberg

et al. 2012

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In our study, we found that carotid IMT was significantly and inversely related with the serum concentrations of adiponectin. Similarly, a negative correlation between adiponectin levels and carotid IMT has been reported in obese juveniles 16) and in patients with coronary artery disease. 17) However, in our study, adiponectin levels were not significantly correlated with either the atherosclerotic carotid plaque thickness or the plaque length.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Inverse Relationship Between Adiponectin Levels and Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

et al. 2006

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SUMMARYThe purpose of this study was to examine the relation between adiponectin levels and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Serum concentrations of adiponectin and carotid intima/media thickness (IMT) were measured in 84 consecutive patients who underwent CABG. Carotid IMT both at the common carotid artery and carotid bulb level was correlated negatively and significantly (r = -0.581 and r = -0.415, respectively, P < 0.01) with the serum concentrations of adiponectin. Linear regression modeling identified adiponectin as the strongest predictive variable for carotid IMT both at the common carotid artery and carotid bulb level (P < 0.001). Stepwise regression analyses also showed that adiponectin was the strongest independent determinant of the carotid IMT both at the common carotid artery and the carotid bulb level (F = 20.215 and F = 19.565, respectively, P < 0.001). The mean number of diseased coronary arteries, mean number of distal anastomoses, cardiopulmonary bypass time, and aortic cross-clamping time did not significantly correlate with the serum concentrations of adiponectin. The findings indicate the presence of an inverse relationship between serum concentrations of adiponectin and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in patients undergoing CABG. In these patients, the absence of a significant correlation between severity of coronary atherosclerosis and adiponectin might suggest that adiponectin levels may predict the early stages rather than further progression of atherosclerosis. (Int Heart J 2006; 47: 855-866)

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“…22- 24 Okamoto et al reported that allografts transplanted into APN-deficient mice showed severe acute rejection relative to transplantions in wild-type mice, and provision of APN by adenovirus in APN-deficient mice reversed these exacerbated responses to allografting. 25 However, their study did not show a difference in cardiac allograft survival in APN-deficient mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Adiponectin on Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy

Ishihara

Haraguchi

Konishi

et al. 2011

Circ J

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Background:The role of adiponectin (APN), an adipose tissue-specific secretory protein, on chronic rejection after cardiac transplantation in APN-sense transgenic mice (APN-SE) was evaluated. Methods and Results:Heterotopic cardiac transplantation in major histocompatibility complex class II-mismatched mice was performed. B6.C-H-2 bm12 KhEg (Bm12) hearts were transplanted into APN-SE, and allografts were harvested at 8 weeks after transplantation. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of both AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 was induced in APN-SE recipients. Neointimal hyperplasia was significantly decreased in allografts transplanted into APN-SE (luminal occlusion, 8.9±2.2%) compared to those transplanted into controls (49.4±10.5%; P=0.011). APN-SE showed significantly reduced mRNA levels of interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) by quantitative PCR. Western blot analysis revealed that the protein levels of IFN-γ and MCP-1 were reduced in APN-SE recipients. Proliferation of smooth muscle cells stimulated with activated T cells was suppressed by APN addition, and this effect was canceled by treatment with an adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor.Conclusions: APN plays a critical role in the attenuation of chronic rejection by suppressing inflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression and enhancing APN receptor expression. APN plays a beneficial role in reducing the progression of cardiac allograft vasculopathy through the AMPK pathway. (Circ J 2011; 75: 2005 - 2012

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Early Atherosclerosis in Obese Juveniles Is Associated with Low Serum Levels of Adiponectin

Abstract: In summary, our study describes an influence of SAT topography on adiponectin serum levels and provides first evidence that incipient atherosclerosis is associated with low serum levels of this adipocytokine.

Cited by 162 publications

References 39 publications

Hyperleptinemia and Hypoadiponectinemia in Extreme Pediatric Obesity

Hyperleptinemia and Hypoadiponectinemia in Extreme Pediatric Obesity

Inverse Relationship Between Adiponectin Levels and Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Effect of Adiponectin on Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy

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