Early Flower Development in Arabidopsis

Smyth, David; Bowman, John L.; Meyerowitz, Elliot M.

doi:10.2307/3869174

Cited by 754 publications

(1,238 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This shows that cellular functions of these proteins are (Smyth et al, 1990;Zachgo et al, 1995). (A).…”

Section: Fdh and Afi Represent Functional Orthologous Epidermis-specimentioning

confidence: 93%

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Functional conservation and maintenance of expression pattern of FIDDLEHEAD-like genes in Arabidopsis and Antirrhinum

Efremova¹,

Schreiber

Bär³

et al. 2004

Plant Mol Biol

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In Arabidopsis, loss of function of the epidermis-specific FDH gene coding for a putative b-ketoacyl-CoA synthase results in ectopic organ fusions in mutants. Corresponding mutants are not available for Antirrhinum majus, however, organ fusions can be induced in both species by chloroacetamide inhibitors of b-ketoacyl-CoA synthases using a chemical genetics approach. We isolated the ortholog of FDH from Antirrhinum majus, the ANTIRRHINUM FIDDLEHEAD (AFI ) gene, and showed that AFI complements fdh when expressed in the epidermis under control of the FDH promoter. Like FDH, the AFI gene exhibits protodermis-and epidermis-specific expression, and its promoter directs the expression of reporter genes to the epidermis in transgenic Antirrhinum and Arabidopsis. We demonstrate down-regulation of the FDH promoter in the epidermis of the ovary septum, thereby supporting the assumption that FDH-like genes may directly facilitate the cell-cell interactions that need to occur during carpel fusion and pollen tube growth. Up-regulation of FDH in the stomium, on the other hand, provides evidence for its possible involvement in cell separation during anther dehiscence. Down-regulation of the FDH and AFI promoters in the septum is observed in transgenic Arabidopsis but not in Antirrhinum plants. This probably reflects differences in the ontogeny of the ovary septum between the two species. We also show that epidermis-specific FDH-like genes may not be able to efficiently elongate fatty acid chains when misexpressed in seeds.

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“…This shows that cellular functions of these proteins are (Smyth et al, 1990;Zachgo et al, 1995). (A).…”

Section: Fdh and Afi Represent Functional Orthologous Epidermis-specimentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Green corresponds to the GFP signal, red to background fluorescence. Numbers indicate floral developmental stages (Smyth et al, 1990). (A, B).…”

Section: Analysis Of the Fdh Promoter In Transgenic Arabidopsis Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional conservation and maintenance of expression pattern of FIDDLEHEAD-like genes in Arabidopsis and Antirrhinum

Efremova¹,

Schreiber

Bär³

et al. 2004

Plant Mol Biol

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“…This tag enabled us to relate the effect of heat stress to the developmental stage of the flowers and siliques along the inflorescence (Figure 2). In reference to the tag, all siliques received a relative position number and we subsequently defined five developmental regions, A to E. To link the observed reduction in silique length with the disruption of flower development and embryogenesis, we matched the regions as defined in Figure 2 with data regarding timing and order of events taking place during these developmental processes in Arabidopsis (Table 1; Smyth et al, 1990;Mansfield and Briarty, 1991;Schneitz et al, 1995;Sanders et al, 1999). Region A (silique position numbers 220 to 210) is linked to late embryogenesis.…”

Section: Quantification Of Heat Stress Response By Determination Of Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Association Mapping of Fertility Reduction upon Heat Stress Reveals Developmental Stage-Specific QTLs in Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2015

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ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8918-0711 (J.J.B.K.)For crops that are grown for their fruits or seeds, elevated temperatures that occur during flowering and seed or fruit set have a stronger effect on yield than high temperatures during the vegetative stage. Even short-term exposure to heat can have a large impact on yield. In this study, we used Arabidopsis thaliana to study the effect of short-term heat exposure on flower and seed development. The impact of a single hot day (35°C) was determined in more than 250 natural accessions by measuring the lengths of the siliques along the main inflorescence. Two sensitive developmental stages were identified, one before anthesis, during male and female meiosis, and one after anthesis, during fertilization and early embryo development. In addition, we observed a correlation between flowering time and heat tolerance. Genome-wide association mapping revealed four quantitative trait loci (QTLs) strongly associated with the heat response. These QTLs were developmental stage specific, as different QTLs were detected before and after anthesis. For a number of QTLs, T-DNA insertion knockout lines could validate assigned candidate genes. Our findings show that the regulation of complex traits can be highly dependent on the developmental timing.

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“…To further clarify the association with fertility abortion in Ms-cd1, we compared expression patterns of these 12 genes with flower development expression data downloaded from Tair (http://www.arabidopsis.org) ( Table 3). Three of them (At3g23770, At3g11980 (MS2) and At1g12570) have expression peaks at Arabidopsis flower developmental stages 9 to 11, when pollen development is at the stage when tetrads develop to free microspores (Smyth et al 1990). …”

Section: Genes Preferentially Expressed In Anthersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of them have their expression peak at late pollen development stage. Only AT3G23770, a beta-1,3-glucanase gene homologous to tapetum specific and callose degrading gene A6, has an expression peak at S2 stage, which is common to Arabidopsis flower stage 9-11, the critical development point for tetrad wall degradation (Smyth et al 1990). Expression pattern of AT3G23770 in our RT-PCR experiment also showed that it was not expressed in any of the tested flower organs (Fig.…”

Section: Cell Wall Modification Enzymes Arrested By Ms-cd1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Global analysis of gene expression in flower buds of Ms-cd1 Brassica oleracea conferring male sterility by using an Arabidopsis microarray

Kang

Zhang

Bonnema³

et al. 2007

Plant Mol Biol

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The dominant male sterility gene Ms-cd1 is identified in Brassica oleracea. Electron microscopical observations revealed that abortion of pollen development starts after tetrad formation. This important male sterility phenotype is characterized by lack of degradation of the primary pollen mother cell (PMC) wall and delayed degradation of callose surrounding the tetrads and thus arrest of microspore release. Gene expression of the male sterile and fertile buds was analyzed by heterologous hybridization of Brassica oleracea cRNA onto an Arabidopsis whole genome oligonucleotide microarray. A total of 277 suppressed genes including 40 kinase-, 32 cell wall modification and 29 transport related genes were found to be significantly down regulated [3-fold in the male sterile mutant. The vast majority of the differentially expressed transcripts are found to present late pollen stage specific genes. Kinase genes, cell wall modification genes and ion transport genes were greatly over-represented when compared to their percentage of all flower bud expressed genes and represent 36.5% of the genes suppressed by Ms-cd1. Our results also suggest that Ms-cd1 may blocks an anther developmental pathway with a small number of genes suppressed in tapetum cells which prevent the degradation of callose and PMC wall, which further leads to the suppression of a large number of genes involved in signaling pathways, cell wall modification and ion transport in pollen grains.

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Early Flower Development in Arabidopsis

Cited by 754 publications

References 2 publications

Functional conservation and maintenance of expression pattern of FIDDLEHEAD-like genes in Arabidopsis and Antirrhinum

Functional conservation and maintenance of expression pattern of FIDDLEHEAD-like genes in Arabidopsis and Antirrhinum

Genome-Wide Association Mapping of Fertility Reduction upon Heat Stress Reveals Developmental Stage-Specific QTLs in Arabidopsis thaliana

Global analysis of gene expression in flower buds of Ms-cd1 Brassica oleracea conferring male sterility by using an Arabidopsis microarray

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