Early Medieval ceramics from the Viile Tecii archaeological site (Romania): an optical and XRD study

Ionescu, Corina; Ghergari, Lucreţia; Horga, Marius; Rădulescu, Gabriela

doi:10.5038/1937-8602.52.2.4

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Consequently, the results are corroborated by the lack of specific firing phases such as spinel or pyroxene, suggesting that the Foeni sherds were fired at a temperature of <850°C (see also Murad & Wagner, 1996; Ionescu et al ., 2007), which is within the normal range recorded in bonfires and surface clamps (Velde & Druc, 1999). The temperature range was high enough to obtain a sintered ceramic body, holding together clay minerals, micas and various aplastic fragments.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Illite begins to decompose at 820°C (Heimann, 2017). The diminishing of the illite-muscovite diffraction peaks indicates a partial destruction of the crystalline structure and suggests firing probably at ∼850°C (Broekmans et al, 2004;Ionescu et al, 2007). At temperatures >900°C, the peaks of clay minerals are absent (DeVito et al, 2014).…”

Section: Firing Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An archaeometric study of early Copper Age pottery from a cave in Romania

et al. 2019

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Early Copper Age pottery sherds discovered in a cave within the crystalline dolomites of the Southern Carpathians (Romania) were investigated by polarized light optical microscopy (OM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) to obtain information on the pottery production in the Copper Age in the territory of present-day Romania. Microscopically, the clayey matrix of the ceramic body is highly birefringent or consists of low-birefringent and isotropic parts mixed together, containing fragments of quartz, muscovite, alkali feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, chlorite, heavy minerals and metamorphic and magmatic rocks, as well as an opaque material. The EMPA data revealed an Fe-rich illite-like matrix and helped to identify the mineral nature of the inclusions. Local pottery production in bonfires or surface clamps is envisaged. Miocene illitic clays may have been used as raw materials, mixed with a small amount of sandy temper. The thermal changes revealed by OM, the modification of the XRPD peaks and the EMPA data suggest firing temperatures of between 800 and 850°C.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Firing Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An archaeometric study of early Copper Age pottery from a cave in Romania

et al. 2019

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“…This range of temperature is the same for the clay fired in reducing, or reducing then oxidizing and oxidizing atmosphere [24]. As kaolinite was present in the local clays, its absence in the ceramics can only be explained by a firing temperature higher than 500-550 °C [10,19,29,46] or above 600-650 °C when the crystalline structure collapses and metakaolinite forms [47].…”

Section: Estimation Of the Firing Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of some archaeological ceramics and clay samples from Zamala - Far-northern part of Cameroon (West Central Africa)

et al. 2017

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Seventeen ceramics samples (515±95 BP, about 580 years old) and two clay raw materials from Zamala (Far-northern, Cameroon) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis (DTA/TG) and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The aim of the work was the deduction of the production technology and provenance of these ceramics. With the exception of one sample the analysed ceramics formed a homogeneous chemical and mineralogical group. The observed mineralogical phases were quartz, mica (biotite), potassium feldspar (microcline) and plagioclase (albite and oligoclase). The XRD study of two local clays yielded the presence of quartz, kaolinite, mica, feldspar and plagioclase. The presence of the broad endothermic peak in the DTA/TG curves of the clays and its absence in the curves of the ceramics indicated that the firing temperature of the ceramics was above 550-600 °C, which is the temperature of the kaolinite-metakaolinite transformation. The firing experiments of the clay between 400-1200 °C in oxidizing atmosphere showed that mica disappeared above 900 °C. Therefore, the firing temperature of the sherds should have been between 600-900 °C. The chemical correlation between ceramics and local clay materials pointed out to a local production of these ceramics. Keywords: Zamala, Cameroon, archaeological ceramics, clays, characterization, production technology, provenance. Resumo Dezessete amostras de cerâmica (515±95 AP, cerca de 1435 d.C.) e duas argilas de Zamala (Extremo Norte, Camarões) foram caracterizadas por difração de raios X (DRX), análise térmica (DTA/TG) e espectroscopia de fluorescência de raios X. O objetivo do trabalho foi a dedução da tecnologia de produção e proveniência dessas cerâmicas. Com exceção de uma amostra, as cerâmicas analisadas formaram um grupo químico e mineralógico homogêneo. As fases mineralógicas observadas foram quartzo, mica (biotita), feldspato de potássio (microclínio) e plagioclásio (albita e oligoclásio

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“…The FTIR can yield diagnostic 'fi ngerprint' of minerals, while the XRD provides critical information on the actual minerals present in the samples. X-ray power diffraction is the complementary spectroscopic analytical tool for the mineral characterization of potteries and to know the composition of the crystallographic phases which are yielding information relevant to their provenance [6][7][8]. The minerals hematite, calcite, kaolinite, feldspar are unambiguously characterized by diffractograms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mineralogical and fabric analysis of ancient pottery artifacts

Rameshthangam

Kumar

2011

Cerâmica

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The present investigation is carried out to estimate the firing temperature and conditions of firing of ancient pottery shreds excavated recently from Sembiankandiyur, Tamil Nadu, India. FTIR and XRD studies have been attempted on these shreds to characterize the mineral composition of the pottery artifacts in respect of their different physical attributes. The firing temperature and conditions were inferred from the mineral phases of the samples exhibited by the infrared spectra and X-ray diffractograms recorded in as received state. TG-DTA is the complementary technique to elucidate the firing temperature from the thermal characteristic reactions such as dehydration, decomposition and transformations of minerals under the controlled firing of the samples in inert atmosphere.

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Early Medieval ceramics from the Viile Tecii archaeological site (Romania): an optical and XRD study

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

An archaeometric study of early Copper Age pottery from a cave in Romania

An archaeometric study of early Copper Age pottery from a cave in Romania

Characterization of some archaeological ceramics and clay samples from Zamala - Far-northern part of Cameroon (West Central Africa)

The mineralogical and fabric analysis of ancient pottery artifacts

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