Early Mesozoic phytogeography and climate

Ziegler, A. M.; Parrish, J. Michael; Jiping, Yao; Gyllenhaal, Eric D.; Rowley, David B.; Parrish, Judith Totman; Nie, S.; Bekker, Andrey; Hulver, Michael

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-1254-3_11

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…39). This sug ges tion cor re sponds with palaeoclimatic re con struc tions for the Early Tri as sic, where Cen tral and West ern Eu rope is lo cated within the sub trop i cal cli mate zone, be tween 15 and 25°N (e.g., Frakes, 1979;Ziegler et al, 1994;Zharkov and Chumakov, 2001;Chumakov and Zharkov, 2003;Sellwood and Valdes, 2007;Kürschner and Herngreen, 2010;Paul and Puff, 2010). Ac cord ing to Kutzbach and Gallimore (1989) the area of Po land was placed in the north ern intertropical con ver gence zone with the mon soonal cir cu la tion char ac ter ized by strong sea son al ity of tem per a tures and precip i ta tions (see also Parrish, 1993;Hermann et al, 2012).…”

Section: Palaeoclimatic Interpretationsupporting

confidence: 54%

A record of climatic changes in the Triassic palynological spectra from Poland

Fijałkowska-Mader

2015

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Fija³kowska-Mader, A., 2015. A re cord of cli ma tic changes in the Tri as sic palynological spec tra from Po land. Geo log i cal Quar terly, 59 (4): 615-653, doi: 10.7306/gq.1239 Based on quan ti ta tive and qual i ta tive anal y ses of Tri as sic miospore as sem blages from dif fer ent re gions of Po land, cli ma tic changes have been doc u mented. The ma te rial came from pub lished and ar chi val works of Or³owska-Zwoliñska and of the pres ent au thor. It com prises ten palynological zones dis tin guished in the Tri as sic of Po land. Two dif fer ent palynological meth ods were ap plied in this study -palyno-palaeoclimatic (PPC) model and sporomorph ecogroup (SEG) model -to ob tain palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmetal data.The PPC model is based on the per cent ra tio of xe ro phyt ic and hygrophytic el ements in miospore as sem blages. Dom i nance of xe ro phyt ic el e ments (spores and pol len grains of xe ro phyt ic plants) in dicates dry cli mate con di tions, and a higher ra tio of hygrophytic forms (spores and pol len grains of hygrohytic plants) re flects hu mid phases. A sig nif i cant dom i nance of xe ro phyt ic el e ments in ma jor ity of the ana lysed as sem blages sug gests a dry climate dur ing most of the Tri as sic. An in crease of the num ber of hygrophytic el e ments is ob served in the as sem blages found in the Mid dle Buntsandstein, Up per Muschelkalk, Lower Keuper (Sulechów Beds), Schilfsandstein, Jarkowo Beds and Wielichowo Beds. It marks cli mate humidification in the Olenekian, Ladinian, Mid dle Carnian, Late Norian and Rhaetian, respec tively. The SEG model, con nect ing dis persed spores and pol len with the floristic palaeocommunites that oc cu pied deter mined eco log i cal niches, was ap plied for palaeoenvironmetal in ter pre ta tion. Four SEGs were re cog nized in the Tri as sic spore-pol len as sem blages: Up land, Low land and River, Coastal, and not at trib uted. The Uppland SEG dom i nates in these as sem blages with ex cep tion of the spec tra found in the Lower and Mid dle Buntsandstein, Up per Muschelkalk, Lower Keuper, Schilfsandstein, Jarkowo Beds and Wielichowo Beds, where the Low land and River SEG oc cur more nu mer ously.

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Section: Palaeoclimatic Interpretationsupporting

confidence: 54%

A record of climatic changes in the Triassic palynological spectra from Poland

Fijałkowska-Mader

2015

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“…A narrow latewood zone is typical of woods from the Saltwick Formation and relates to a rapid deterioration in growth at the end of the season, which could reflect cool temperatures or a lack of rainfall (Fritts 1976). At the palaeolatitude of Yorkshire during the Jurassic (ϳ40 o N; Ziegler et al 1993), light would not have been the limiting factor for growth, as was the case for the high-latitude Cretaceous and Tertiary woods analysed by Francis (1986) from Antarctica, and Spicer and Parrish (1990) from Alaska. Several samples from the Cleveland Ironstone and Dogger formations display a comparatively wide latewood zone (Table 1).…”

Section: G R O W T H -R I N G a N A L Y S I Smentioning

confidence: 95%

“…This analysis is carried out within the context of gymnospermous wood taxonomy. In the absence of a change in latitude for Britain during this period (Ziegler et al 1993), temporal variations apparent in the growth characteristics may be related to palaeoclimatic changes. This study succeeds in refining the commonly held perception of a warm, wet and subtropical climate during the Mid Jurassic in the Cleveland Basin (e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Lower and middle Jurassic woods of the Cleveland Basin (North Yorkshire), England

Morgans

1999

Palaeontology

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ABSTRACT. Allochthonous Lower and Middle Jurassic (Pliensbachian-Bathonian) permineralized and charcoalified woods from the Cleveland Basin (North Yorkshire, England) are assigned to five genera of gymnospermous wood (Cupressinoxylon spp., Taxodioxylon spp., Cedroxylon spp., Xenoxylon and Araucarioxylon) and two species (Xenoxylon phyllocladoides and Araucarioxylon lindlei). Cell structure is commonly well preserved, particularly in calcified and charcoalified samples, and several features of the growth rings have palaeoclimatological significance. These include distinct growth rings, commonly narrow latewood, low to moderate annual sensitivity and mean sensitivity values, and presence of false rings. Overall, these characteristics reflect fairly consistent growth, both during the growing season and from year to year. Temporally, there is a transition towards narrower rings of more variable width, proportionally wider latewood, and more abundant false rings in Bathonian woods. Water supply is interpreted as the primary limiting control on growth and was probably more restricted in the Bathonian. This is suggested to be a consequence of relatively low sea-level and, more importantly, a genuinely drier climate at this time, manifested as an accentuated annual dry season. In all, the increase in seasonality during the Early and Mid Jurassic in North Yorkshire is compatible with the effects of a developing Mediterranean-type climate. G R O W T H -R I N G analysis has proved to be a powerful tool in the field of palaeoclimatology (Creber 1977;Creber and Chaloner 1984; Francis 1984 Francis , 1986, particularly when considering that wood (secondary xylem) yields one of the few accurate and high-resolution records of climatic variability on land. Several features of wood anatomy yield climate data, the most fundamental of which is the presence of growth rings, which are invariably indicative of seasonal growth and usually of a temperate climate (Fritts 1976;Creber 1977;Creber and Chaloner 1984, 1985). The relationship between modern tree rings and the meteorological record provides the basis for studying palaeoclimates using fossil wood (Fritts 1976). This approach has proved successful in the interpretation of past climates (e.g. Jefferson 1982; Francis 1984 Francis , 1986Spicer and Parrish 1990) and forms the basis to this study. The object of this paper is therefore to report a detailed record of Lower and Middle Jurassic (Pliensbachian-Bathonian) palaeoclimate for the Cleveland Basin (which today North Yorkshire, England represents) through growth-ring analysis. This analysis is carried out within the context of gymnospermous wood taxonomy. In the absence of a change in latitude for Britain during this period (Ziegler et al. 1993), temporal variations apparent in the growth characteristics may be related to palaeoclimatic changes. This study succeeds in refining the commonly held perception of a warm, wet and subtropical climate during the Mid Jurassic in the Cleveland Basin (e.g. Alexander 1992; Rawson and Wrigh...

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“…Por otro lado, el Triásico también emerge como un período de mejores condiciones ambientales que el Pérmico, para el desarrollo de nuevos linajes de plantas. En el Triásico gondwánico desaparecen las grandes masas de hielo que caracterizaron a las postrimerías del Pérmico, y que ocupaban gran parte de la superficie del megacontinente austral, dando origen a un clima de temperatura media 6ºC más cálido que el Pérmico (Holser et al, 1991;Ziegler et al, 1994). En cambio, no existe la misma claridad respecto del evento que puso fin al Triásico, ya que como señalaron Hallam y Wignall (1997), la extinción a fines del Triásico fue temporalmente extensa, a diferencia de los otros eventos de extinción masiva del Mesozoico y, en el contexto regional, podría explicar la paulatina disminución de la dominancia de los Dicroidium desde el Cárnico superior, hasta hacerse totalmente subordinados en las floras réticas sudamericanas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Upper Triassic Palaeobotany of Biobío river valley, Chile: Filicopsida Class.

Leppe¹,

Moisan²,

Abad³

et al. 2010

andgeo

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RESUMENSe describen restos fósiles de la Clase Filicopsida presentes en los estratos marinos y continentales del valle inferior del río Biobío (37ºS/73ºW) denominados formación Santa Juana y asignados al Triásico Superior (Cárnico-Nórico) de la Región del Biobío, Chile. La tafoflora incluye diez especies, de las cuales ocho son primeros registros para el Triásico de esta región: Gleichenites quilacoyensis Leppe y Moisan sp. nov., Asterotheca rigbyana rigbyana Herbst, Rienitsia colliveri Herbst, Dictyophyllum fuenzalidai Herbst, Dictyophyllum (Thaumatopteris) rothi Frenguelli, Chansitheca argentina Herbst, Cladophlebis kurtzi Frenguelli y Todites baldoni Herbst; tres son nuevos registros para Chile: Rienitsia colliveri Herbst, Gleichenites quilacoyensis Leppe y Moisan sp. nov. y Chansitheca argentina Herbst. Las especies de helechos encontrados representan el 18 % de la diversidad específica total de plantas del Triásico del Biobío y ayudan a clarificar el complicado esquema de la evolución florística de las comunidades del Gondwana. Se sitúa al Triásico del Biobío en el contexto del Gondwana Extratropical Suroeste. Los conjuntos se desarrollaron en un ambiente continental de fuerte influencia marina, bajo un clima estacional lluvioso y con afinidad etánea con el estadio Floriano argentino (Nórico-Rético). Desde un enfoque evolutivo, se enmarca dentro del largo proceso de extinción masiva Triásico/ Jurásico, que significó el fin de la 'Flora de Dicroidium' y la aparición de una serie de elementos que dominarán durante el Jurásico. Sylvia Palma-Heldt

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Early Mesozoic phytogeography and climate

Cited by 34 publications

References 26 publications

A record of climatic changes in the Triassic palynological spectra from Poland

A record of climatic changes in the Triassic palynological spectra from Poland

Lower and middle Jurassic woods of the Cleveland Basin (North Yorkshire), England

Upper Triassic Palaeobotany of Biobío river valley, Chile: Filicopsida Class.

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