Early stage malignant phyllodes tumor case report

Abstract

HighlightsMalignant phyllodes tumor is not very well-studied due to its scarcity and subtle clinical presentation.The malignancy risk at BIRADS 3 with fibroadenoma after age 40 is low which prompts reconsideration of invasive maneuvers.Early-stage malignant phyllodes tumor can be successfully treated only with lumpectomy without any adjunctive therapy.As with any tumors, early detection is key to a successful treatment and prevention of unnecessary invasive procedures.

Recurrent borderline phyllodes tumor of the breast submitted to mastectomy and immediate reconstruction: Case report

“…On physical examination, PTs are usually rigid, well delimited, mobile, non-adherent to the skin, with an average size of 4–7 cm, as described previously [2,3,13]. They appear commonly in isolation; therefore, this case introduced diagnostic difficulty, because the patient presented with multiple nodules of various sizes [4].…”

“…Cystic areas, heterogeneous patterns without micro-calcifications, and acoustic enhancement on US are more suggestive of PT than FA, especially when associated with rapid growth and large volume. Volume >3 cm on mammography and cystic areas on US are suggestive of malignancy [1,3,4,17,18]. Solid portions with greater intensification within cystic spaces hemorrhagic on MRI suggest PT [18].…”

“…While malignant PTs have high potential for local recurrence and metastases, benign PTs tend to recur only locally [8]. Local recurrence rates are 3.6–8% for benign PT, 14% for borderline and 30–42% for malignant [1,4,13]. Although our patient presented with benign and borderline PTs, she had several recurrences, probably associated with compromised surgical margins, considered the main risk factor for recurrence [9,13,17,19].…”

“…It is also known as cystosarcoma phyllodes, adenomatous myxoma and pseudosarcoma adenoma [[1], [2], [3]]. PTs are common in middle-aged women, with an average size of 4–7 cm and rapid growth [1,3,4]. They are fibroepithelial tumors, composed of stromal and epithelial elements, differing from fibroadenomas (FA) by the greater abundance of the stromal component [3].…”

“…They are fibroepithelial tumors, composed of stromal and epithelial elements, differing from fibroadenomas (FA) by the greater abundance of the stromal component [3]. Because of local recurrence and metastatic potential, they are surgically treated with wide local excision and mastectomy [[2], [3], [4], [5]].…”