Economics of different mulching materials on aonla (Emblica officinalisGaertn.) under rainfed conditions of Jammu

Abstract

The present study was conducted during 2013-14 to study the economics of different mulching materials viz., black polythene, white polythene, paddy straw, saw dust, sarkanda, dry grass and control (unmulched) on aonla under rainfed conditions of Jammu. The present investigation was carried out at Rainfed Research Sub-Station for Subtropical fruits Raya, of Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu during 2013-14. The mean annual rainfall is about 1000-1200 mm. Soil of the experimental field was sandy clay in texture, having pH: 6.50, organic carbon: 0.50 per cent, available N: 174.50 kg/ha, available P: 15.80 kg/ha and available K: 140.00 kg/ha. Twenty eight trees were selected for the study and laid out in Randomized Block Experimental Design with one tree per treatment replicated four times. Application of treatments was done during the spring season viz., 19 th February, 2013.The study revealed that the total cost of cultivation was found to be higher (Rs. 2566.60) in black polythene mulch and white polythene mulches whereas it was minimum (Rs.2478.30) in control. Net returns were also recorded maximum (Rs. 2672.84/treatment) under black polythene mulch and minimum in control (Rs. 1559.30/treatment). However, benefit cost (B: C ratio) was also found to be maximum in black polythene mulch (1:2.04) and minimum in both white polythene mulch and control (1:1.69).

Studies on Relative Economics of Apple Nursery Production under Different Weed Management Practices in Kashmir Valley, India

“…In Aonla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn. ), Iqbal et al [20] while studying the economics of different mulching materials viz., black polythene, white polythene, paddy straw, saw dust, sarkanda, dry grass and control (unmulched) on aonla, they recorded higher cost of cultivation due to black polythene mulch but net return and B:C ratio found to be maximum in black polythene mulch (2.04:1) and minimum in control (1.69:1). Rakesh et al [21] recorded grass mulching as most costeffective treatment in plum (cv.…”

Recent Insights into the Morphological, Nutritional and Phytochemical Properties of Indian Gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica) for the Development of Functional Foods

“…The leaf shape was observed to be oblong in Chakaiya, Banarasi, Krishna, NA-10, Anand-2, and Anand-1; oval oblong in Francis and Kanchan; and elliptical in NA-7. The two primary types of leaf apex were acute and obtuse, with all varieties except Chakaiya and Kanchan possessing a blunt leaf apex [22]. Francis was observed to have the longest leaves, followed by NA-7 and Banarasi, while Anand-2, Anand-1, Chakaiya, Krishna, and NA-10 had the shortest leaves.…”

“…Chakaiya, Banarasi, Kanchan, Francis, Anand-2, and Anand-1 all had shallowed cavities of fruit stems, while Krishna, NA-7, and NA-10 had deep fruit stem end cavity [1]. Banarasi, Francis, Chakaiya, Kanchan, and NA 10 all had styler ends that were level; Krishna had styler ends that were observed to be prominent and less noticeable than Anand-2, Anand-1, and NA-7 [22]. All the types had six segments, although some, like Krishna and Kanchan, had as many as six or eight segments [25].…”

“…Banarasi and Krishna cultivars had fruits with a triangular shape; Chakaiya, Francis, Kanchan, NA-7, and NA-10 cultivars had fruits of flattened round shape; while Anand-1 and Anand-2 cultivars had flattened oval shape fruit [24]. However, in terms of colour characteristics, Banarasi and Kanchan fruit had white to green; Chakaiya, Krishna, and Francis had a light green colour; Anand-2, NA-0 and NA-7 were yellowish green; and Anand-1 had a greenish yellow appearance [22]. Further NA-7, NA-10, Krishna, and Banarasi fruit stalks were observed to be short and thick, whereas Aanand-2, Aanand-1, Kanchan, Chakaiya, and Francis's fruit stalks were observed to be short and thin.…”

Thermal and nonthermal processing of an underutilized fruit Emblica officinalis (Amla): a sustainable approach

“…55 Phoma rot disease (causative organism: Phoma exigua) is characterized by small lemon-colored lesions, which then become enlarged and covers the whole fruit. 56 Losses during storage due to rodents such as house rats and so fur eld rats have been reported in amla fruit. Deterioration due to above-mentioned factors lowers the marketability and acceptability among consumers.…”