Efectos del terapeuta en el tratamiento de adolescentes con fobia social generalizada.

Abstract

Resumen: El propósito de este estudio es verificar la parte de los resultados del Programa para la Intervención en Adolescentes con Fobia Social que puede ser atribuida a la competencia del terapeuta. Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en tres condiciones experimentales (grupos experto, cuasi-experto e inexperto), integradas por 46 adolescentes españoles con una edad media de 15.37 años (DT = 1.04; rango = 14-18), siendo la mayoría chicas (67.40%) que cursaban 4º de E.S.O (46.70%). Todos cumplieron los criterios requeridos para el diagnóstico de Fobia Social Generalizada. Los resultados muestran que (i) el tamaño del efecto que se puede atribuir a los terapeutas es bajo, (ii) que la magnitud del tamaño del efecto obtenido correlaciona con la magnitud de la competencia del terapeuta en las variables más sensibles al cambio terapéutico, (iii) que tales resultados no alcanzan diferencias con significación estadística entre las tres condiciones experimentales. Los datos hallados nos permiten concluir que siendo relevante el impacto de la competencia del terapeuta en los resultados obtenidos la mayor parte de la varianza en los resultados se relaciona directamente con el efecto del programa de tratamiento manualizado que se ha aplicado. Palabras clave. Grado de competencia del terapeuta; adolescentes; fobia social generalizada; programa IAFS.Title: Therapist Effects in the Treatment of Adolescents with Generalized Social Phobia. Abstract: The purpose of this study is to verify which part of the results of the Intervention Program for Adolescents with Social Phobia can be attributed to the level of competence of the therapist. We present the results of three experimental conditions (expert, quasi-expert and inexperienced), including 46 Spanish adolescents with a mean age of 15.37 years (SD= 1.04, range: 14-18). Most of the participants were female (67.40%) and were in 4 th grade of ESO (46.70%). All of them met the criteria for diagnosis of Generalized Social Phobia. The results showed that (i) the effect size that could be attributed to therapists was low, (ii) the magnitude of the effect size obtained correlated with the magnitude of the expert level in the most sensitive variables to therapeutic change, and (iii) these results did not reach statistically significant differences among the three experimental conditions. The data allow us to conclude that found to be relevant the impact of therapist competence on the results most of the variance in the results is directly related to the effect of manualized treatment program that has been implemented.

Predictores de la inmovilidad tónica ante eventos traumáticos

“…Respondents rate on a scale of 0 to 6 the extent to which they: 1) froze or felt paralysed, 2) were unable to move even without physical restraint, 3) were unable of shouting or screaming, 4) felt cold, and 5) felt detached from themselves. The TIS-BM has a single factor and has shown acceptable levels of reliability, convergent validity with posttraumatic symptoms, discriminant validity with respect to measures of depression and anxiety, and criterion validity in that it differentiates between groups who have and have not experienced traumatic events (Bados & Peró, 2015). Internal consistency in the present sample was acceptable (α = .76).…”

“…Bados et al (2008) found that the group who had suffered sexual abuse or physical maltreatment reported more intense TI than did the group who had received news of the mutilation, serious injury or violent or unexpected death of a loved one, although the reports of the former group did not differ significantly from those of participants who had been the victims of a serious accident, violent crime or other traumatic events. The sample in this study was, however, small and it is likely, given the results of more recent research (Bados & Peró, 2015), that the psychometric properties of the scale used (the physical immobility subscale of the Tonic Immobility Scale developed by Forsyth et al, 2000) were not entirely adequate. Abrams et al (2009), using the Tonic Immobility Questionnaire, found no differences in TI reports across four types of traumatic events: interpersonal violence, accidents, news of a death, and others.…”

“…Tonic Immobility Scale-Brief, modified Spanish version (TIS-BM, Bados & Peró, 2015). This instrument includes five of the seven items from the physical immobility subscale of the Tonic Immobility Scale (Forsyth, Marx, Fusé, Heidt, & Gallup, 2000).…”