Effect of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid on Endogenous Cyanide, β-Cyanoalanine Synthase Activity, and Ethylene Evolution in Seedlings of Soybean and Barley

Tittle, Forrest L.; Goudey, J. Stephen; Spencer, Margaret Beale

doi:10.1104/pp.94.3.1143

Cited by 46 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This may account for the significant expression and activity of the cyanide detoxifying enzyme β-cyanoalanine synthase (syn: L-3-cyanoalanine synthase, EC 4.4.1.9) catalyzing the reaction in higher plants (Poulton, 1990): L-cysteine + hydrogen cyanide L-3-cyanoalanine + hydrogen sulphide Conditions of severe stress such as flooding and chilling may induce ethylene, and thus HCN, with possible consequences of cyanide phytotoxicosis and even plant death (Yip and Yang, 1998). Toxicity of the pesticide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid is attributed to a similar mechanism of ethylene biosythesis upregulation (Tittle et al, 1990).…”

Section: Cyanide Releasing Compounds General Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criteria for Safe Use of Plant Ingredients in Diets for Aquacultured Fish

Hemre

Amlund

Aursand

et al. 2018

EJNFS

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Section: Cyanide Releasing Compounds General Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criteria for Safe Use of Plant Ingredients in Diets for Aquacultured Fish

Hemre

Amlund

Aursand

et al. 2018

EJNFS

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“…The biosynthetic pathway of ethylene involves the conversion of Met to S-adenosylmethionine to ACC to ethylene (Yu and Yang, 1979). Many studies have shown that auxinic herbicides increase ethylene evolution by inducing ACC synthase, which catalyzes conversion of S-adenosylmethionine to ACC (Yu and Yang, 1979;Hall et al, 1985;Tittle et al, 1990). Grossman and Kwiatkowski (1993) proposed that increased ethylene production is not only an indicator of auxin-like activity, but also the cause of phytotoxicity following quinclorac treatment via an accumulation of cyanide in plant tissues.…”

Section: -9379mentioning

confidence: 99%

3,7-Dichloroquinolinecarboxylic Acid Inhibits Cell-Wall Biosynthesis in Maize Roots

Koo¹,

Neal²,

DiTomaso³

1996

Plant Physiology

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The mode of action of the herbicide 3,7-dichloroquinolinecar-boxylic acid (quinclorac) was examined by measuring incorporation of [14C]glucose, [14C]acetate, [3H]thymidine, and [3H]uridine into maize (Zea mays) root cell walls, fatty acids, DNA, and RNA, respectively. Among the precursors examined, 10 [mu]M quinclorac inhibited [14C]glucose incorporation into the cell wall within 3 h. Fatty acid and DNA biosynthesis were subsequently inhibited, whereas RNA biosynthesis was unaffected. In contrast to the cellulose synthesis inhibitor 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile, quinclorac strongly inhibited cellulose and a hemicellulose fraction presumed to be glucuronoarabinoxylan. However, the synthesis of (1–>3),(1–>4)-β-D-glucans was only slightly inhibited. The degree of inhibition was time- and dose-dependent. By 4 h after treatment, the concentration that inhibited [14C]glucose incorporation into the cell wall, cellulose, and the sensitive hemicellulose fraction by 50% was about 15, 5, and 20 [mu]M, respectively. Concomitant with an inhibition of [14C]glucose incorporation into the cell wall, quinclorac treatment led to a marked accumulation of radioactivity in the cytosol. The increased radioactivity was found mostly in glucose and fructose. However, total levels of glucose, fructose, and uridine diphosphate-glucose were not changed greatly by quinclorac. These data suggest that quinclorac acts primarily as a cell-wall biosynthesis inhibitor in a susceptible grass by a mechanism that is different from that of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile.

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“…The cyanide content was determined by modifying the methods of Yip and Yang, 9) Tittle et al, 10) and Grossmann and Kwiatkowski. 8,11) The sample of powdered shoot material was transferred to a vial (22 mm in diameter, 54 mm in height).…”

Section: Colorimetric Determination Of Cyanidementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of ethylene in abnormal shoot growth induced by high concentration of brassinolide in rice seedlings

et al. 2008

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A high concentration of brassinolide (BL) induced abnormal shoot shape in rice seedlings, that is, the newly developed leaf sheath was shorter than the old sheath, and increased the number of leaves. The involvement of ethylene and cyanide, co-metabolites during ethylene biosynthesis, in abnormal shoot growth was analyzed by comparing the action mechanism of BL with that of quinclorac in barnyard grass seedlings. BL strongly stimulated ethylene production, and the amount of ethylene and the third leaf sheath length in rice seedlings were negatively correlated. Exogenously applied ethephon also induced abnormal growth of rice seedlings. L-a -aminoethoxyvinyl-glycine (AVG), an ethylene biosynthetic inhibitor, partially reversed abnormal shoot growth. The level of endogenous cyanide was low in rice seedlings, because of the high level of b-cyanoalanine synthase (CAS) activity, and exogenously applied KCN did not induce abnormal shoot growth. The results indicate that BL-induced abnormal shoot growth of rice seedlings was probably mediated by ethylene production.

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Effect of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid on Endogenous Cyanide, β-Cyanoalanine Synthase Activity, and Ethylene Evolution in Seedlings of Soybean and Barley

Cited by 46 publications

References 14 publications

Criteria for Safe Use of Plant Ingredients in Diets for Aquacultured Fish

Criteria for Safe Use of Plant Ingredients in Diets for Aquacultured Fish

3,7-Dichloroquinolinecarboxylic Acid Inhibits Cell-Wall Biosynthesis in Maize Roots

Role of ethylene in abnormal shoot growth induced by high concentration of brassinolide in rice seedlings

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