Effect of Actual Versus Simulated Grazing on Pasture Productivity and Chemical Composition of Forage

Calder, F. W.; Nicholson, J. W. G.; Carson, R. B.

doi:10.4141/cjas70-066

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Under rotational grazing, variation among earlymaturing cultivars was significant in both production years, while variation among late-maturing cultivars was significant only in 1990 (Table I and Fig. 1 (Calder et al 1970;Frame and Hunt 1971;Jones and Roberts 1986;Swift et al 1992 For personal use only. (Tables 8 and 9).…”

Section: Results and Discussion Dry Matter Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences among orchardgrass cultivars in response to hay and rotational grazing management

Papadopoulos¹,

Price²,

Laflamme³

et al. 1995

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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This study was conducted to compare orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivar performance under contrasting management systems (hay vs. rotational grazing) during the first two production years. The trial consisted of eight orchardgrass cultivars broadcast seeded in a randomized complete-block design, with three replications. The perimeter of each replication was fenced, and the area was divided into two sections. The first section was managed as a simulated hay production system. The second section was managed by simulating a rotational grazing system using crossbred ewes. Dry matter (DM) yield was determined before harvesting or grazing. Tiller density (TD) and leaf area index (LAI) were measured on four cultivars prior to harvesting and grazing. Excellent DM yield and persistence were obtained from all cultivars in both years under hay management but varied considerably under grazing management. Cultivar ranking according to DM yield under hay management was different from ranking based on performance under pasture management. One group of four cultivars had a decrease in yield of 19.9% in the second year of grazing, over the first year, but yield of the remaining group increased by 5.7% (SED = 9.83). Production of hay was similar for both groups. Early-maturing cultivars yielded 7% more DM and had higher crop growth rates (CGR), LAI and TD than late-maturing cultivars. Growth characteristics of orchardgrass cultivars as measured by DM yield, CGR, LAI and TD were modified by management practice. As a result, evaluating orchardgrass varieties under a hay management system was not effective in determining their performance under grazing. Key words:Dactylis glomerata, cultivar evaluation, cultivar development, grazing, yield, yield components

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Section: Results and Discussion Dry Matter Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences among orchardgrass cultivars in response to hay and rotational grazing management

Papadopoulos¹,

Price²,

Laflamme³

et al. 1995

Can. J. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These authors also concluded that some orchardgrass cultivars are broadly adapted to both rotational grazing and hay management, while others appear to be preferentially adapted to hay or grazing management. Studies of other perennial grasses show similarly low correlations of dry matter production between grazing and simulated grazing managements (Calder et al 1970;Jones and Roberts 1986).…”

Section: Comparisons Among Cultivarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic progress from 40 years of orchardgrass breeding in North America measured under management-intensive rotational grazing

Casler¹,

Fales²,

Undersander³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2001. Genetic progress from 40 years of orchardgrass breeding in North America measured under management-intensive rotational grazing. Can. J. Plant Sci. 81: 713-721. There has been considerable activity in breeding orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars in North America during the latter half of the 20th century. The objective of this study was to determine if genetic improvements in the North American orchardgrass germplasm pool have been realized or can be detected under management intensive grazing. Forty-three orchardgrass cultivars, in three maturity groups, representing adapted North American germplasm and potentially unadapted European germplasm, were evaluated under management-intensive rotational grazing at two locations in the northern USA. Cultivar means varied for apparent preference and this variation was largely due to herbage availability at State College, PA, where grazing pressure was relatively high, but to other factors at Arlington, WI, where grazing pressure was relatively low. North American cultivars tended to have higher net herbage accumulation than European cultivars, corresponding well to differences in forage yield of hay plots. Orchardgrass cultivars that were significantly higher in hay yield than their predecessors showed mixed results with respect to net herbage accumulation under grazing: some increases, some decreases, and some with no change. These results indicate that an individual orchardgrass cultivar can be well adapted to both management systems, only one of the two systems, or neither system. Genetic increases in net herbage accumulation may occur serendipitously, but directed selection for specific traits that confer productivity under grazing, or net herbage accumulation per se, will probably ensure a higher probability of success for an orchardgrass breeding program directed to pastures. ) a fait l'objet de travaux de phytohybridation considérables en Amérique du Nord au cours de la deuxième moitié du vingtième siècle. L'étude devait établir si on a réussi à améliorer le matériel génétique nord-américain de l'espèce et si cette amélioration peut être décelée en régime de paissance intensive. Les auteurs ont divisé 43 cultivars de dactyle pelotonné représentant l'adaptation du matériel génétique nord-américain en trois groupes selon leur précocité puis les ont évalués dans un régime rotatif de paissance intensive à deux endroits, dans le nord des États-Unis. La préférence des animaux pour les cultivars varie en moyenne, mais cette variation résultait dans une large mesure de la fourniture d'herbages au State College (Pennsylvanie), où le taux de charge des pâturages était relativement élevé; à Arlington (Wisconsin), où le taux de charge était assez faible, la variation résultait d'autres facteurs. Les cultivars nord-américains se caractérisent par une accumulation nette d'herbages supérieure à celle des cultivars européens, ce qui est cohérent avec l'écart du rendement fourrager sur les parcelles récoltées. Les cultivars produisant significativement plus de ...

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How Much Complexity Is Required for Modelling Grassland Production at Regional Scales?

Vogeler

Kluß

Peters

et al. 2023

Land

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Studies evaluating the complexity of models, which are suitable to simulate grass growth at regional scales in intensive grassland production systems are scarce. Therefore, two different grass growth models (GrasProg1.0 and APSIM) with different complexity and input requirements were compared against long-term observations from variety trials with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) in Germany and Denmark. The trial sites covered a large range of environmental conditions, with annual average temperatures ranging from 5.9 to 10.3 °C, and annual rainfall from 536 to 1154 mm. The sites also varied regarding soil type, which were for modelling categorised into three different groups according to their plant available water (PAW) content: light soils with a PAW of 60 mm, medium soils with a PAW of 80 mm, and heavy soils with a PAW of 100 mm. The objective was to investigate whether the simple model performed equally well with the given low number of inputs, namely climate and PAW group. Evaluation statistics showed that both models provided satisfactory results, with root mean square errors for individual cuts ranging from 0.59 to 1.28 t dry matter ha−1. The model efficiency (Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency) for the separate cuts were also good for both models, with 81% of the sites having a positive Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency value with GrasProg1.0, and 72% with APSIM. These results reveal that without detailed site-specific descriptions, the less complex GrasProg1.0 model can be incorporated into a simple decision support tool for optimising grassland management in intensive livestock production systems.

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Effect of Actual Versus Simulated Grazing on Pasture Productivity and Chemical Composition of Forage

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Differences among orchardgrass cultivars in response to hay and rotational grazing management

Differences among orchardgrass cultivars in response to hay and rotational grazing management

Genetic progress from 40 years of orchardgrass breeding in North America measured under management-intensive rotational grazing

How Much Complexity Is Required for Modelling Grassland Production at Regional Scales?

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