Differences among orchardgrass cultivars in response to hay and rotational grazing management

Papadopoulos, Y. A.; Price, M. A.; Laflamme, Louis; Fulton, N. R.; Hunter, GL; McRae, K. B.

doi:10.4141/cjps95-024

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The results of these experiments give further support to earlier findings (Papadopoulos et al 1995) that assessing the performance of OG cultivars under a hay management system was not effective in determining their performance under grazing. A mineral supplement containing Cu, among other traces, would be required of ruminants consuming pure stands of OG.…”

Section: Papadopoulos Et Al -Nutritional Quality Of Orchardgrass 599supporting

confidence: 81%

“…This enhanced quality can be attributed to changes in the canopy structure resulting from frequent defoliation under rotational grazing (Papadopoulos et al 1995). Herbage CP content of cultivars did not appear to be influenced by DM yield under both management systems (Papadopoulos et al 1995).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The site description and field design and management for this experiment were outlined in detail by Papadopoulos et al (1995). Samples of the swards collected during 1989 and 1990 were dried at 70°C for 48 h, ground to 1-mm diameter in a hammer mill, and analyzed for percentage CP, ADF, and NDF.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Grazing and the addition of white clover improves the nutritional quality of orchardgrass cultivars

Papadopoulos¹,

Fredeen²,

McRae³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

. 2001. Grazing and the addition of white clover improves the nutritional quality of orchardgrass cultivars. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 81: 597-600. Two experiments were conducted to determine the nutritional quality of orchardgrass (OG) cultivars under hay and rotational grazing systems during the first 2 production years. Crude protein content was higher and fibre content lower in OG managed as rotationally grazed pasture compared with that harvested as hay. The K:Ca + Mg ratio was reduced and Cu deficiency was ameliorated when OG swards contained white clover. Orchardgrass genotypic × sward management effects were also observed. Les auteurs ont entrepris deux expériences en vue de déterminer la qualité nutritive des cultivars de dactyle pelotonné (DP) dans un régime articulé sur la récolte du foin ou la paissance en rotation lors des deux premières années de culture. Avec la paissance en rotation, le DP renferme plus de protéines brutes et moins de cellulose que le DP dont on récolte le foin. Les champs de DP contenant du trèfle blanc présentent un plus petit rapport K:Ca + Mg et une moins grande carence en Cu. Les chercheurs ont aussi noté une interaction entre le génotype du cultivar et la gestion du champ. Mots clés:Dactyle pelotonné, gestion, potassium, génotypes, qualité, pâturages, foin Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is a productive forage species under intensive pasture management, and is often included in hay and pasture mixtures. It is adapted to the moist, temperate growing conditions of Atlantic Canada and is noted for its rapid regrowth after grazing, particularly in mid-summer (Kunelius 1990). While it is well known that the nutritive quality of hay from the same sward is different under grazing, cultivars are almost always evaluated under hay management; differences in the nutritional quality of OG cultivars under hay and pasture systems of management have not been well documented.There has been some question as to whether or not pasture grasses have minerals available in sufficient concentration for highly productive animals (Thompson et al. 1988). Stratton and Sleper (1979) observed that OG genotypes differ in available mineral content, particularly in the K:Ca + Mg ratio. Pastures with a ratio exceeding 2.2 (calculated on a molar Eq. basis) increase the risk of hypomagnesemia (Butler 1993). Given the importance of orchardgrass to forage production in Atlantic Canada, there is a need to determine the differing nutrient concentrations of forage cultivars, grown alone or in a mixture, in order to make suitable recommendations to farmers.Our objectives were: 1) to determine the fibre and CP content of several OG cultivars, differing in maturation rate, during the first 2 production years under hay and pasture management systems and to determine the extent of the management × cultivar interaction; 2) to determine the herbage mineral content of pure stands of OG cultivars and OG/white clover mixtures. Experiment 1The site description and field design and management for this experiment were outlined i...

show abstract

Section: Papadopoulos Et Al -Nutritional Quality Of Orchardgrass 599supporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Grazing and the addition of white clover improves the nutritional quality of orchardgrass cultivars

Papadopoulos¹,

Fredeen²,

McRae³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, progress achieved by breeding orchardgrass for superior adaptation and agronomic performance under hay management may not necessarily be realized under grazing management. Different management practices, such as hay vs. management intensive rotational grazing (MIRG), can alter sward traits such as crop growth rate, tiller density, or leaf area index, drastically altering the ranking of cultivars for production traits such as forage yield (Papadopolous et al 1995). These authors concluded that orchardgrass cultivars differed in their adaptation to MIRG and that this information could not be predicted from cutting trials.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic progress from 40 years of orchardgrass breeding in North America measured under management-intensive rotational grazing

Casler¹,

Fales²,

Undersander³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

. 2001. Genetic progress from 40 years of orchardgrass breeding in North America measured under management-intensive rotational grazing. Can. J. Plant Sci. 81: 713-721. There has been considerable activity in breeding orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars in North America during the latter half of the 20th century. The objective of this study was to determine if genetic improvements in the North American orchardgrass germplasm pool have been realized or can be detected under management intensive grazing. Forty-three orchardgrass cultivars, in three maturity groups, representing adapted North American germplasm and potentially unadapted European germplasm, were evaluated under management-intensive rotational grazing at two locations in the northern USA. Cultivar means varied for apparent preference and this variation was largely due to herbage availability at State College, PA, where grazing pressure was relatively high, but to other factors at Arlington, WI, where grazing pressure was relatively low. North American cultivars tended to have higher net herbage accumulation than European cultivars, corresponding well to differences in forage yield of hay plots. Orchardgrass cultivars that were significantly higher in hay yield than their predecessors showed mixed results with respect to net herbage accumulation under grazing: some increases, some decreases, and some with no change. These results indicate that an individual orchardgrass cultivar can be well adapted to both management systems, only one of the two systems, or neither system. Genetic increases in net herbage accumulation may occur serendipitously, but directed selection for specific traits that confer productivity under grazing, or net herbage accumulation per se, will probably ensure a higher probability of success for an orchardgrass breeding program directed to pastures. ) a fait l'objet de travaux de phytohybridation considérables en Amérique du Nord au cours de la deuxième moitié du vingtième siècle. L'étude devait établir si on a réussi à améliorer le matériel génétique nord-américain de l'espèce et si cette amélioration peut être décelée en régime de paissance intensive. Les auteurs ont divisé 43 cultivars de dactyle pelotonné représentant l'adaptation du matériel génétique nord-américain en trois groupes selon leur précocité puis les ont évalués dans un régime rotatif de paissance intensive à deux endroits, dans le nord des États-Unis. La préférence des animaux pour les cultivars varie en moyenne, mais cette variation résultait dans une large mesure de la fourniture d'herbages au State College (Pennsylvanie), où le taux de charge des pâturages était relativement élevé; à Arlington (Wisconsin), où le taux de charge était assez faible, la variation résultait d'autres facteurs. Les cultivars nord-américains se caractérisent par une accumulation nette d'herbages supérieure à celle des cultivars européens, ce qui est cohérent avec l'écart du rendement fourrager sur les parcelles récoltées. Les cultivars produisant significativement plus de ...

show abstract

“…), timothy (Phleum pratense L.), and reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) have shown satisfactory to excellent adaptation to a wide range of soil types and conditions associated with beef production in Atlantic Canada (Bates et al 1979;McKenzie and Connolly 1991a, b;Papadopoulos et al 1995;Kunelius et al 2003). These six pasture species are well-suited to the Atlantic region's climate since they require cooler soil and air temperatures than southern species for optimum growth (Blaser et al 1952).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional changes over four years for binary mixtures of grass species grown with white clover

McKenzie¹,

Papadopoulos²,

McRae³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Plant Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

2005. Compositional changes over four years for binary mixtures of grass species grown with white clover. Can. J. Plant Sci. 85: 351-360. Kentucky bluegrass, meadow fescue, orchardgrass, tall fescue, timothy, and reed canarygrass were seeded in all possible two-grass combinations with white clover in conventional and underseeded barley treatments using a split-plot design at the Western Agriculture Centre near Pynn's Brook, NL. The objectives were: (1) to assess dry matter yield (DMY) of two binary grass species when sown with white clover in mixtures under a system with cuttings at similar crop growth stages as rotational grazing and to assess the effect of underseeding to barley on this system; (2) to identify mixtures that enhance herbage distribution throughout the grazing season; and (3) to assess the sward dynamics over successive cropping seasons. The composition of the binary grass mixtures with white clover affected seasonal DMY, seasonal herbage distribution, and sward dynamics over the production years. Orchardgrass in mixtures decreased DMY, shifted the herbage distribution toward early season, and competed with other species. Timothy composition of the stand showed the largest decline over the 3 production years, whereas white clover declined in mixtures with bluegrass, orchardgrass, or tall fescue. Meadow fescue and reed canarygrass with white clover was the most productive mixture with excellent persistence and good yield distribution over the growing season. Orchardgrass was the least compatible species in the mixtures; it dominated first growth and contributed the least to biomass production in later years. Both bluegrass and reed canarygrass performed well in mixtures over the 3 production years; bluegrass appeared to enhance the performance of the other species during summer regrowth whereas reed canarygrass was superior in the later part of the growing season. Underseeding with barley did not affect white clover yield in any production year but detrimentally affected the yield of orchardgrass and meadow fescue in mixtures, and their seasonal distribution. Les auteurs ont semé du pâturin des prés, de la fétuque des prés, du dactyle pelotonné, de la fétuque élevée, de la fléole et de l'alpiste roseau dans toutes les combinaisons binaires possibles avec du trèfle blanc de la manière traditionnelle ou avec un sous-semis de seigle dans un dispositif en tiroir, au Western Agriculture Centre près de Pynn's Brook, à Terre-Neuve. Les objectifs de l'expérience étaient les suivants : (1) comparer le rendement en matière sèche (RMS) des graminées d'un système binaire semées avec du trèfle blanc dans le contexte d'un régime de coupe aux mêmes stades de croissance qu'un pâturage tournant et évaluer l'incidence du sous-semis d'orge; (2) identifier les mélanges qui améliorent la répartition des herbages sur l'ensemble de la saison de paissance; (3) évaluer la dynamique des peuplements lors de périodes végétatives successives. La composition du mélange binaire semé avec du trèfle blanc affecte le RMS saisonn...

show abstract

Differences among orchardgrass cultivars in response to hay and rotational grazing management

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Grazing and the addition of white clover improves the nutritional quality of orchardgrass cultivars

Grazing and the addition of white clover improves the nutritional quality of orchardgrass cultivars

Genetic progress from 40 years of orchardgrass breeding in North America measured under management-intensive rotational grazing

Compositional changes over four years for binary mixtures of grass species grown with white clover

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About