Effect of Adverse Weather Conditions on Vehicle Braking Distance of Highways

Abstract

The effect of adverse weather conditions on the safety of vehicles moving on different types of roads and measuring its margin of safety have always been a major research issue of highways. Determining the exact value of friction coefficient between the wheels of the vehicle and the surface of the pavement (usually Asphalt Concrete) in different weather conditions is assumed as a major factor in design process. An appropriate method is analyzing the dynamic motion of the vehicle and its interactions with geometrical elements of road using dynamic simulation of vehicles. In this paper the effect of changes of friction coefficient caused by the weather conditions on the dynamic responses of three types of vehicles: including Sedan, Bus, and Truck based on the results of Adams/car Simulator are investigated. The studies conducted on this issue for different weather conditions suggest values ranging from 0.04 to 1.25. The results obtained from simulation based on Adams/car represent that the friction coefficient in values of 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6 do not effect on braking distance significantly and it is possible to attribute them all to dry weather condition. However, as it was anticipated the values of 0.5, 0.4, 0.28 and 0.18 have significant differences in braking distance. Hence, the values of 0.5, 0.4, 0.28 and 0.18 can be attributed to wet, rainy, snowy and icy conditions respectively.

Path-following enhancement of an 8×8 combat vehicle using active rear axles steering strategies

“…These coefficients of friction (CoF) demonstrate two driving scenarios. The value 0.5 present driving the vehicle on wet asphalt, while the 0.85 presents driving on dry asphalt 46 .…”

Evaluation of Safety in Horizontal Curves of Roads Using a Multi-Body Dynamic Simulation Process

“…At horizontal curves, the risk of accidents is significantly higher than that in other sections of the road [ 7 ]. Several critical factors are often involved in road accidents, i.e., road characteristics, vehicle performance, driver behavior, and environmental factors [ 8 ]. Among these factors, the geometric characteristic is investigated in this study.…”

“…The curve radius is the most critical parameter in the geometric design of horizontal curves [ 10 ]. Recent studies indicate that the number of accidents has a direct connection with the curve radius [ 8 , 10 , 11 ]. Based on “American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Green Book 2018” [ 12 ], the minimum radius of a horizontal curve can be calculated by as follows.…”

Improvement of safe stopping distance and accident risk coefficient based on active driver sight field on real road conditions

“…Namely, the decreased driving performance and longer reaction time cause increased risk of crash involvement [9]. The adverse weather conditions affect the safety of vehicles moving on different road types [10]. Thus, environmental factors affecting the road surface such as dry, wet, snowy, and icy conditions have a big role in the occurrence of traffic accidents [3].…”

“…They found that longer stopping sight distances are required under curves driving conditions using the revised stopping sight distance formula [17]. Moreover, while many researchers have questioned the validity of the basic model [18–20], many researchers investigated the effect on the braking performance of different road, weather, driving conditions and driver behaviours [21–30]. Determining the safe stopping distance based on the driver, environment (weather and highways conditions) and vehicle conditions is not only for drivers but also important for safety management and other road users.…”