Effect of alloying Ni inner electrodes on the leakage current degradation of BaTiO3-based multilayer ceramic capacitors

Abstract

High-capacitance multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) are mostly electronic ceramic components in which Ni inner electrodes and BaTiO3-based dielectrics are laminated alternately. Owing to their usefulness in portable electronic devices such as smartphones, there is an ongoing demand to attain an MLCC with smaller dimensions and improved capacity. We investigated the effect of alloying Ni inner electrodes with various elements on the leakage current degradation of MLCCs. Fe, Cu, Zn, and Sn were chosen and added to Ni and co-fired with BaTiO3, from which Cu and Sn were alloyed with Ni. The leakage current degradation time of MLCCs using the Ni–Cu and Ni–Sn inner electrodes was longer than that of MLCCs using the Ni internal electrodes. In particular, the leakage current degradation of the MLCCs using Ni–Sn inner electrodes was significantly suppressed. This suppression effect increased as the thickness of the BaTiO3-based dielectrics decreased. This method of optimization of the Ni inner-electrode composition could lead to further miniaturization and increased capacity of MLCCs.

Chemical Vapor Synthesis of Nonagglomerated Nickel Nanoparticles by In-Flight Coating

“…16,17,21−23 The trend toward increasing the capacitance and miniaturization of MLCCs has been driving a reduction in the Ni NP size requirements. 24 If the particle size decreases while maintaining the production rate, the coagulation rate increases because the number density of particles increases exponentially. Thus, this miniaturization trend has caused the agglomerate formation to become more problematic.…”

Enhanced ferroelectric and piezoelectric performance of (Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3 lead-free ceramics upon Ce and Sb co-doping

“…[6][7][8][9][10] Among them, BT-based ceramics have received widespread attention due to their stable chemical properties, low preparation cost, large dielectric permittivity (3 r ) and low leakage current. 11,12 However, in actuality, the BT-based ceramics are not the ideal piezoelectric materials, and the low piezoelectric coefficient (d 33 ¼ $190 pC N À1 ) compromises the commercialization of their applications. 13,14 In order to enhance the piezoelectric properties, numerous strategies have been adopted such as sintering with new technology, modifying ceramics with dopants, or providing new ways to facilitate the poling process.…”

High DC-Bias Stability and Reliability in BaTiO3-Based Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors: The Role of the Core–Shell Structure and the Electrode

“…Due to the small size of both Ni and BaTiO 3 particles in the Ni220 paste, the printed electrode sheet has less roughness and possesses a flatter electrode/ ceramic interface after lamination, which enables the highquality interface to inhibit the interdiffusion of the elements. The diffusion of Ni elements into the ceramics causes an increase in leakage current in the MLCCs, 36,37 reducing the breakdown voltage and reliability of the devices. The dielectric properties of the MLCCs and the corresponding bulk ceramics are shown in Figure 8.…”