Effect of Alpha-Glucosyl-Hesperidin Consumption on Lens Sclerosis and Presbyopia

Abstract

Presbyopia is characterized by a decline in the ability to accommodate the lens. The most commonly accepted theory for the onset of presbyopia is an age-related increase in the stiffness of the lens. However, the cause of lens sclerosis remains unclear. With age, water microcirculation in the lens could change because of an increase in intracellular pressure. In the lens, the intracellular pressure is controlled by the Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid (TRPV) 1 and TRPV4 feedback pathways. In this study, we tried to elucidate that administration of α-glucosyl-hesperidin (G-Hsd), previously reported to prevent nuclear cataract formation, affects lens elasticity and the distribution of TRPV channels and Aquaporin (AQP) channels to meet the requirement of intracellular pressure. As a result, the mouse control lens was significantly toughened compared to both the 1% and 2% G-Hsd mouse lens treatments. The anti-oxidant levels in the lens and plasma decreased with age; however, this decrease could be nullified with either 1% or 2% G-Hsd treatment in a concentration- and exposure time-dependent manner. Moreover, G-Hsd treatment affected the TRPV4 distribution, but not TRPV1, AQP0, and AQP5, in the peripheral area and could maintain intracellular pressure. These findings suggest that G-Hsd has great potential as a compound to prevent presbyopia and/or cataract formation.

New insights in presbyopia: impact of correction strategies

“…Work in an animal (mouse) model has investigated the role α-glucosyl-hesperidin (G-Hsd) may play in maintaining lens antioxidant levels to prevent cataract formation and presbyopia development. Building on a previous study reporting that G-Hsd prevents nuclear cataract formation in 37 weeks old mice,76 the same laboratory demonstrated that lens elasticity retains a higher level of malleability when compared with those mice administered orally with both 1 % and 2 % G-Hsd 77. The mechanism appears to be mediated through an affected distribution of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 feedback pathways that control lens intracellular pressure 78.…”

“…Building on a previous study reporting that G-Hsd prevents nuclear cataract formation in 37 weeks old mice, 76 the same laboratory demonstrated that lens elasticity retains a higher level of malleability when compared with those mice administered orally with both 1 % and 2 % G-Hsd. 77 The mechanism appears to be mediated through an affected distribution of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 feedback pathways that control lens intracellular pressure. 78 Although these data await replication in humans, the findings suggest that G-Hsd is a potential oral compound to prevent presbyopia and cataract formation.…”

Hesperetin treatment attenuates glycation of lens proteins and advanced‑glycation end products generation

“…Moreover, TRPV1 and/or TRPV4 in peripheral fiber cells of the lens alter their membrane trafficking by accommodating changes, meaning that TRPV channels located in the cytoplasm comprise a protein pool that meets physiological needs and accommodates changes. The authors previously reported that treatment with oral a-glucosyl hesperidin, which is Hst derivatives with a water solubility ~10,000 times higher than that of Hst, altered TRPV4 localization in the peripheral fibre cells of the lens to control water microcirculation ( 20 ). Additionally, oral treatment ameliorated lens fluid influx and osmotic imbalance in the lenses of individuals with diabetes and cataracts ( 42 ).…”

“…Measurement of lens elasticity. lens elasticity was measured using SoftMeasure HG1003-Sl (Horiuchi electronics co., Ltd.) as previously described (19,20). Briefly, the lens was mounted soon after euthanasia and then a load was applied to the top of the lens to measure the force and indentation displacement.…”

“…It is a bioflavonoid because of its various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-diabetic, and anti-hypertensive activities (14,15). The authors previously reported that Hst and its derivates could prevent cataracts and presbyopia in mice and rats (16)(17)(18)(19)(20). Hst can prevent aGe formation in vivo and in vitro (21,22) and it can prevent the onset of cataracts and presbyopia, thus preventing aGe formation.…”