Effect of Augmented Feedback on Velocity Performance During Strength-Oriented and Power-Oriented Resistance Training Sessions

Abstract

Effect of augmented feedback on velocity performance during strength-oriented and power-oriented resistance training sessions. J Strength Cond Res 36(6): 1511-1517, 2022-This study examined the effects of providing instantaneous velocity feedback (knowledge of results [KR]) on velocity maintenance across multiple sets during strength-oriented and power-oriented resistance training (RT) sessions. Seventeen men completed 2 strength-oriented RT sessions (4 sets of 5 repetitions at 75% of 1 repetition maximum [1RM] during the back squat [SQ] and bench press [BP] exercises) in 1 week and 2 power-oriented RT sessions (4 sets of 5 repetitions at 30% of 1RM during the countermovement jump [CMJ] and BP throw [BPT] exercises) in another week. Subjects received verbal velocity performance feedback in 1 session (KR) and no KR was provided in another session. Greater velocities during the 4 sets of both strength-oriented (from 4.6 to 11.6%) and power-oriented (from 1.4 to 3.5%) RT sessions were observed. The increments in velocity performance during the KR condition were greater for the CMJ (2.25 6 0.14 vs. 2.18 6 0.17 m•s 21 ; 3.0%) than the BPT (2.33 6 0.13 vs. 2.29 6 0.16 m•s 21 ; 1.7%) and similarly for the SQ (0.59 6 0.07 vs. 0.55 6 0.06 m•s 21 ; 7.5%) and BP (0.47 6 0.09 vs. 0.44 6 0.07 m•s 21 ; 7.8%). The raw differences in the RT velocity for BPT were positively correlated with the raw differences in the RT velocity for SQ (r 5 0.524; p 5 0.031) and CMJ (r 5 0.662; p 5 0.004), but the remaining correlations did not reach a statistical significance (r # 0.370; p $ 0.123). Although these results support the provision of velocity performance feedback to increase training quality regardless of the type of RT session, the positive effect of KR seems to be more accentuated during strengthoriented compared with power-oriented RT sessions.

Reliability and concurrent validity of the PUSH Band™ 2.0 to measure barbell velocity during the free-weight and Smith machine squat exercises

“…Subjects received velocity performance feedback immediately after completing each repetition to encourage them to perform all repetitions at the maximal intended velocity. 11…”

“…7,8 In addition, providing velocity feedback during resistance training may enhance certain psychological traits, such as competitiveness or motivation, 9 which in turn may enhance mechanical performance in the short and long term. 10,11 Taking into consideration the encouraging practical applications of VBT, it is not surprising that previous studies [12][13][14] have found comparable or superior training adaptations after a VBT program in comparison with a traditional percentage-based training program (i.e. the load is prescribed from a previously established 1RM), even with a significant reduction in total training volume 13 or training stress.…”

Effects of Knowledge of Results and Change-Oriented Feedback on Swimming Performance

“…It has been speculated that receiving KR can enhance athlete's performance during training, which optimises neuromuscular stimuli for training adaptation 4 . Indeed, instantaneous feedback on movement speed has been shown to acutely improve power and strength-oriented performances 4,7,8 , although the acute effect of KR on sprint performance is still unclear. Improvement in sprint performance has been reported as a result of chronic physical training when supplemented with KR 5 .…”

“…However, running demands in team sports are often non-linear, with sprints involving varying curvatures 9 . In addition, most studies that examined the acute effect of KR incorporated performance measures using single-effort, explosive movements 4,7,8 . Doma, Engel, Connor and Gahreman 10 recently examined the acute effect of KR via the provision of swim speed which resulted in faster completion times during a repeated sprint swim protocol amongst competitive swimmers.…”

“…Although KR acutely enhances performance 4,7,8 , providing the same type of augmented feedback repeatedly may also introduce boredom and increase athlete-coach dependency, which may impede the effort by the athlete 11 . Encouraging a competitive environment may improve the level of motivation, and is a key mechanism proposed for successful provision of augmented feedback 12 .…”