The aim of this study was to analyse the adjustments in technique made by a basketball player when shooting against an opponent. The subjects used consisted of 10 professional basketball players of the Spanish First Division League. Threedimensional motion analysis based on video recordings (50 Hz) was used to obtain the kinematic characteristics of basketball jump shots with and without an opponent. It was found that when performing against an opponent the release angle of the ball increased, the¯ight time was reduced and postural adjustments as determined by the angles at the knee and shoulder increased, all signi® cantly. There were several other non-signi® cant diVerences that helped to interpret the changes in technique imposed by the presence of an opponent. It was suggested that when shooting with an opponent, players attempted to release the ball more quickly and from a greater height. This strategy will lessen the chance of the opponent intercepting the ball. It was concluded that the diVerences noted in the technical execution of the skill had implications for practice. It was suggested that training would bene® t from practice with an opponent for at least some of the time to condition players to the demands which they were more likely to meet in the game situation.

Jiménez-Alonso, A, García-Ramos, A, Cepero, M, Miras-Moreno, S, Rojas, FJ, and Pérez-Castilla, A. Velocity performance feedback during the free-weight bench press testing procedure: An effective strategy to increase the reliability and one repetition maximum accuracy prediction. J Strength Cond Res 36(4): 1077–1083, 2022—This study aimed to determine whether the verbal provision of velocity performance feedback during the free-weight bench press (BP) exercise influences (a) the within-session reliability and magnitude of mean concentric velocity (MCV) values recorded against a range of submaximal loads and (b) the accuracy of the individualized load-velocity profile to estimate the BP 1 repetition maximum (1RM). Fifteen men (BP 1RM relative to body mass = 1.08 ± 0.22) performed an incremental loading test until reaching the 1RM on 2 separate sessions. Subjects received verbal velocity performance feedback in 1 session (knowledge of results [KR]), and no KR was provided in another session (Control). A linear velocity transducer was used to collect the MCV against 4 loads (40-55-70-85% 1RM), and the BP 1RM was estimated from the individualized load-velocity relationship modeled through the multiple-point (40-55-70-85% 1RM) and 2-point methods (40-85% 1RM). The KR condition provided a higher reliability (coefficient of variation [CV]: KR = 2.41%, Control = 3.54%; CV ratio = 1.47) and magnitude (p = 0.001; effect size [ES] = 0.78) of MCV for the 40% 1RM, but no significant differences in reliability (CV ratio ≤1.15) nor in the magnitude (p ≥ 0.058; ES range = 0.00–0.32) were observed for higher loads. The accuracy in the estimation of the 1RM was higher for the KR (absolute errors: multiple-point = 3.1 ± 2.3 kg; 2-point = 3.5 ± 2.1 kg) compared with the Control condition (absolute errors: 4.1 ± 1.9 kg for both multiple-point and 2-point methods). These results encourage the provision of verbal velocity performance feedback during BP testing procedures.

Fitness test profiles in children aged 8-12 years old in Granada (Spain). J. Hum. Sport Exerc. Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 135-145, 2011. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of physical education in body composition and health-related fitness among boys and girls aged 8 to 12 years old in Granada (Spain) in a longitudinal, randomized study of 5 months. 106 children (49 boys and 57 girls) between 8 and 12 years old completed the study. They were healthy students of the public schools and no history of formal exercise training. Subjects were tested (body composition and health-related fitness, measured by EUROFIT) at baseline and at week 20. After 5 months of study, girls showed more fat mass than boys (p<0.05) and boys was more height than girls (p<0.05). Health-related fitness showed differences by gender only in slalom (boys vs. girls (p<0.05)). The results of body composition and health-related fitness revealed that the physical activity at school is not sufficient to support an ideal level of health-related fitness.

Effect of augmented feedback on velocity performance during strength-oriented and power-oriented resistance training sessions. J Strength Cond Res 36(6): 1511-1517, 2022-This study examined the effects of providing instantaneous velocity feedback (knowledge of results [KR]) on velocity maintenance across multiple sets during strength-oriented and power-oriented resistance training (RT) sessions. Seventeen men completed 2 strength-oriented RT sessions (4 sets of 5 repetitions at 75% of 1 repetition maximum [1RM] during the back squat [SQ] and bench press [BP] exercises) in 1 week and 2 power-oriented RT sessions (4 sets of 5 repetitions at 30% of 1RM during the countermovement jump [CMJ] and BP throw [BPT] exercises) in another week. Subjects received verbal velocity performance feedback in 1 session (KR) and no KR was provided in another session. Greater velocities during the 4 sets of both strength-oriented (from 4.6 to 11.6%) and power-oriented (from 1.4 to 3.5%) RT sessions were observed. The increments in velocity performance during the KR condition were greater for the CMJ (2.25 6 0.14 vs. 2.18 6 0.17 m•s 21 ; 3.0%) than the BPT (2.33 6 0.13 vs. 2.29 6 0.16 m•s 21 ; 1.7%) and similarly for the SQ (0.59 6 0.07 vs. 0.55 6 0.06 m•s 21 ; 7.5%) and BP (0.47 6 0.09 vs. 0.44 6 0.07 m•s 21 ; 7.8%). The raw differences in the RT velocity for BPT were positively correlated with the raw differences in the RT velocity for SQ (r 5 0.524; p 5 0.031) and CMJ (r 5 0.662; p 5 0.004), but the remaining correlations did not reach a statistical significance (r # 0.370; p $ 0.123). Although these results support the provision of velocity performance feedback to increase training quality regardless of the type of RT session, the positive effect of KR seems to be more accentuated during strengthoriented compared with power-oriented RT sessions.

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