Effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup on constipation and the composition of gut microbiota

Abstract

Probiotics have been reported to be associated with the alleviation of constipation. The aim of this study was to detect and determine the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup (MN-Gup) on the alleviation of constipation in BALB/c mice and humans, and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying its effect by measuring changes in the concentration of short-chain fatty acids and the composition of microbes in human faeces. BALB/c mice were given MN-Gup by gavage for 14 days. On the 8th day of this treatment, constipation was induced by the application of diphenoxylate via gavage. The results showed that MN-Gup significantly decreased the first black stool defecation time, and significantly increased black faecal wet weight, black faecal number and the gastric-intestinal transit rate (P<0.05), thereby relieving constipation. In humans, a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed to investigate the effect of MN-Gup in adults with functional constipation. After 4 weeks of intervention with placebo or MN-Gup yogurt, constipation-related symptoms (including defecation frequency, stool consistency, straining and incomplete feeling during defecation) in the constipated subjects were significantly improved in the two groups, but not different between the groups at the end of the intervention. The concentration of acetate increased significantly in the MN-Gup group compared to the placebo group and before ingestion. Significant changes in the composition of gut microbiota were found after intake of MN-Gup yogurt when compared to placebo. The relative abundances of acetate-producing Bifidobacterium, Ruminoccaceae_UCG-002 and Ruminoccaceae_UCG-005 were significantly increased after intake of MN-Gup yogurt. These results showed that MN-Gup could relieve constipation related to increased acetate-producing Bifidobacterium, Ruminoccaceae_UCG-002 and Ruminoccaceae_UCG-005.

Colonization Ability and Impact on Human Gut Microbiota of Foodborne Microbes From Traditional or Probiotic-Added Fermented Foods: A Systematic Review

“…Regarding the impact of supplementation on gut microbiota composition, 5 publications reported no significant effect (55,56,59,61,62). On the contrary, overall increase in gut Bifidobacterium level was observed in 4 studies (53,54,60,63), while alteration of other microbial groups varied among studies, often depending on the health condition of the subjects. Interestingly, significant effects were observed in unhealthy subjects or when subjects were clustered into subgroups based on their baseline microbiota composition (54,55), suggesting the importance of including clustering approaches in the selection of volunteers for intervention studies.…”

Effects of Fermented Milk Containing Bifidobacterium animalis Subsp. lactis MN-Gup (MN-Gup) and MN-Gup-Based Synbiotics on Obesity Induced by High Fat Diet in Rats

“…Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup (MN-Gup) has been found to regulate gut microbiota and relieve constipation [22], but its effects on obesity are still unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effects of MN-Gupcontaining fermented milk on alleviating obesity using a therapeutic obesity model based on HFD-fed rats, and investigated whether prebiotics including GOS and XOS had the synergistic effects with MN-Gup on obesity.…”

“…Feces bacterial analysis was performed on the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using Illumina MiSeq sequencing as described previously [22]. Briefly, DNA was extracted from the fecal samples using soil DNA extraction kits (Omega Bio-tek, Norcross, GA, USA) according to the manufacturer's protocols.…”

“…Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup (MN-Gup), an aerospace mutant and screened according to high oxygen tolerance coefficient from the Shenzhou-11 re-entry spacecraft, has been demonstrated to benefit health associated with gut microbiota [22]. Given the wide applications of probiotics in fermented milk, the current study aimed to investigate the effects of fermented milk containing MN-Gup or MN-Gup-based synbiotics on alleviation of obesity in HFD-fed rats and elucidate the underlying mechanism from the perspectives of gut microbiota and its metabolites.…”

Probiotic Supplements: Their Strategies in the Therapeutic and Prophylactic of Human Life-Threatening Diseases

“… Boosting immune response (IFN–γ, IL-4, and IL-12) Growth apoptotic cells [ 106 ] Irritable bowel syndrome B. coagulans LBSC Human 40 cases; Ages 18–65 6 × 10 9 CFU/daily for 80 days Enhanced stool consistency Lighten bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, stomach rumbling, nausea, vomiting, headache, and anxiety [ 141 ] B. animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup Mice 40 cases 14 days Increased short-chain fatty acid Recovered functional constipation symptoms Boosting of a balanced composition of microbiota in feces [ 142 ] Human 50 adults 28 days B. longum, L. acidophilus , L. fermentum, L. helveticus , L. paracasei, L. rhamnosus , and S. thermophiles Human 55 adults (men and women) 1 × 10 10 CFU/daily for 21 days Ameliorated gastrointestinal function Alteration of gut microbiota components [ 143 ] Stimulate immune response L. acidophilus LLA-10 , L. helveticus LLH-108 , L. rhamnosus LLR-L1 , L. fermentum LLF-01 , and L. bulgaricus LLB-06 Human 40 adults 3 × 10 8 CFU/twice daily for 21 days An improvement in IL-10, IL-17A levels, and HLA-DR+ natural killer (NK) cells A notable drop in cytokine IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and secretory IgA rates …”