Effect of Bioactive Compound of Aronia melanocarpa on Cardiovascular System in Experimental Hypertension

Abstract

Aronia melanocarpa has attracted scientific interest due to its dense contents of different polyphenols. We aimed to analyse effects of Aronia melanocarpa (AME) extract on blood pressure (BP), lipid peroxidation, cytokine level, total NOS activity in the left ventricle (LV), and aorta of L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. 12-week-old male WKY rats were assigned to the control group and groups treated with AME extract (57.90 mg/kg/day), L-NAME (40 mg/kg/day), or combination of L-NAME (40 mg/kg/day) and AME (57.90 mg/kg/day) in tap water for 3 weeks. NOS activity, eNOS protein expression, and conjugated diene (CD) concentration were determined in the LV and aorta. After 3 weeks of L-NAME treatment, BP was increased by 28% and concomitant treatment with AME reduced it by 21%. NOS activity of the LV and aorta in the L-NAME group was decreased by about 40%, while AME increased it almost on the control level. AME-induced eNOS upregulation may contribute to increase NOS activity. Moreover, AME decreased CD concentration in the LV and aorta and TNF-α and IL-6 production in the plasma were increased by L-NAME treatment. In conclusion, our results showed that active substances of Aronia melanocarpa may have a positive effect on blood pressure, NOS activity, and proinflammatory processes in L-NAME-induced hypertension.

The Effect of Chronic NO Synthase Inhibition on the Vasoactive and Structural Properties of Thoracic Aorta, NO Synthase Activity, and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Young SHR

“…Pechánová et al [ 28 ] determined a negative correlation between endothelial NOS expression and activity: an increased expression resulted in an activity reduction in order to maintain a constant level of NO in the cardiovascular system. Cebova et al [ 39 ] showed that although the long-term NO inhibition with L-NAME in adult WKY inhibited the NOS activity in the TA, it had no impact on the NOS protein expression. Regarding these facts, we speculated that only partially inhibited acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation in the TA could be a negative feedback response of the cardiovascular system.…”

The Polyphenol-Rich Extract from Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) Modulates Gut Microbiota and Improves Lipid Metabolism in Diet-Induced Obese Rats

“…Speci cally, the polyphenols content of chokeberry is higher than those of other berries (blueberry, cranberry and lingonberry crops), which exhibits various physiological activities such as antioxidant, antiin ammatory, antidiabetic, anti-cardiovascular diseases and so on [20][21][22][23]. Based on abundant phenolic substances content and various physiological effects of chokeberry, the aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of the polyphenols extract from chokeberry (CBPs) on improvement obesity and associated lipid metabolism disorders in HFD-fed rats, as well as comprehensive investigating the role of the gut microbiota in mediating the effects of the CBPs on host metabolism.…”

Cyanidine-3-O-Galactoside Enriched <i>Aronia melanocarpa</i> Extract Inhibits Adipogenesis and Lipogenesis via Down-Regulation of Adipogenic Transcription Factors and Their Target Genes in 3T3-L1 Cells

“…AM contains various phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins, phenolic acids, and flavonoids [10]. In vitro and in vivo studies suggested that the phenolic compounds contained in AM possess a wide range of beneficial health functions, including antioxidant [11] [12], anti-hyperlipidemic [13] [14], anti-diabetic [15] [16], hepatoprotective [17], cardioprotective [18] [19] [20], and gastroprotective [21] activities. Recent animal studies demonstrated that AM reduced diet-induced obesity [22] [23].…”