Effect of cationic polyelectrolytes in contact-active antibacterial layer-by-layer functionalization

Abstract

Contact-active surfaces have been created by means of the layer-by-layer (LbL) modification technique, which is based on previous observations that cellulose fibers treated with polyelectrolyte multilayers with polyvinylamine (PVAm) are perfectly protected against bacteria. Several different cationic polyelectrolytes were applied, including PVAm, two different poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) polymers and two different poly(allylamine hydrochloride) polymers. The polyelectrolytes were self-organized in one or three layers on cellulosic fibers in combination with polyacrylic acid by the LbL method, and their antibacterial activities were evaluated. The modified cellulose fibers showed remarkable bacterial removal activities and inhibited bacterial growth. It was shown that the interaction between bacteria and modified fibers is not merely a charge interaction because a certain degree of bacterial cell deformation was observed on the modified fiber surfaces. Charge properties of the modified fibers were determined based on polyelectrolyte titration and zeta potential measurements, and a correlation between high charge density and antibacterial efficiency was observed for the PVAm and PDADMAC samples. It was demonstrated that it is possible to achieve antibacterial effects by the surface modification of cellulosic fibers via the LbL technique with different cationic polyelectrolytes.

Hydrophobic and antibacterial textile fibres prepared by covalently attaching betulin to cellulose

“…This indicated that in low-nutrient conditions, the polysaccharide-based textile was itself used as a nutrient source for both the Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. A similar phenomena was also observed for cellulosic pulp fibres (Chen et al 2017). Conversely, sample 180COOB24 showed an obvious reduction of both Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive S. aureus.…”

Influence of Cellulose Charge on Bacteria Adhesion and Viability to PVAm/CNF/PVAm-Modified Cellulose Model Surfaces

“…Our previous works have presented a three-layer polyelectrolyte system of polyvinylamine (PVAm)/poly­(acrylic acid) (PAA)/PVAm, which was adsorbed onto pulp fibers through layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition and showed excellent antibacterial properties which were attributed to the recharging of the fiber surface by the adsorbed polyelectrolytes. , Further investigations showed that more bacteria were adsorbed onto PVAm/PAA/PVAm-modified cellulose fibers when using the cellulose with higher charge density as a result of a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO) oxidation of the fibers . It was demonstrated that the adsorption of bacteria increased because of the higher amount of adsorbed PVAm on the fibers, which was considered as a result of a higher positive charge.…”

Water-stable cellulose fiber foam with antimicrobial properties for bio based low-density materials

“…Polyvinylamine (PVAm) is a cationic polymer that is used in the paper industry to increase the strength of paper (BASF 2010). PVAm has good antibacterial properties, due to its primary amine groups, and has been used in several studies to create contact-active antibacterial cellulose using Layer-by-Layer (LbL) modification (Chen et al 2017;Henschen et al 2016;Illergård et al 2011Illergård et al , 2015Westman et al 2009). Chitosan is a cationic polysaccharide derived from naturally occurring chitin through deacetylation, and it is used in cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical products because of its antimicrobial properties (Rinaudo 2006;Sebti et al 2005).…”