Effect of corn stover harvest and winter rye cover crop on corn nitrogen fertilization

Pantoja, José L.

doi:10.31274/etd-180810-3218

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…This suggests a significant yield reduction in soybean due to the cover crop. While other studies have seen a corn yield risk from cover crops, seeing yield loss in soybean is unusual (Moore, Wiedenhoeft, Kaspar, & Cambardella, ; Pantoja, ). The yield drag at this site could also be due to poor planter performance when planting through cover crop residue and is an aspect that warrants future investigations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…No-till showed a slight yield advantage in well-drained soils and a yield loss in poorly drained soils. A meta-analysis by Pittelkow et al (2015) also found lower yields in multiple crops with NT use in humid climates. The corn yield reduction with cover crops could be the result of insufficient N mineralization, poor synchronization with corn N uptake, a deficiency of N in the soil profile after the cover crop, or some combination of these factors.…”

Section: Grain Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Midwestern cropping system effects on drainage water quality and crop yields

et al. 2020

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Grain producers are challenged to maximize crop production while utilizing nutrients efficiently and minimizing negative impacts on water quality. There is a particular concern about nutrient export to the Gulf of Mexico via loss from subsurface drainage systems. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of crop rotation, tillage, crop residue removal, swine manure applications, and cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crops on nitrate‐N (NO3‐N) and total reactive phosphorus (TRP) loss via subsurface drainage. The study was evaluated from 2008 through 2015 using 36 0.4‐ha plots outfitted with a subsurface drainage water quality monitoring system. Results showed that when swine manure was applied before both corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], drainage water had significantly higher 8‐yr‐average flow‐weighted NO3‐N concentrations compared with swine manure applied before corn only in a corn–soybean rotation. The lowest NO3‐N loss was 15.2 kg N ha−1 yr−1 from a no‐till corn–soybean treatment with rye cover crop and spring application of urea‐ammonium nitrate (UAN) to corn. The highest NO3‐N loss was 29.5 kg N ha−1 yr−1 from swine manure applied to both corn and soybean. A rye cover crop reduced NO3‐N loss, whereas tillage and residue management had little impact on NO3‐N loss. Losses of TRP averaged <32 g P ha−1 yr−1 from all treatments. Corn yield was negatively affected by both no‐till management and cereal rye cover crops. Results showed that cropping management affected N leaching but impacts on P leaching were minimal.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Grain Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Midwestern cropping system effects on drainage water quality and crop yields

et al. 2020

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“…Soils at the site are predominantly Clarion series (fine‐loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludolls), with 2.4% total organic C, 0.2% total N, and pH of 6.4 in water (1:1 soil‐to‐water ratio) from the 0‐ to 15‐cm depth (Mitchell et al, 2013). The site was established to determine the effect of a rye cover crop on the MRTN of corn following soybean in a no‐till system (Pantoja, 2013). The Corn Nitrogen Rate Calculator indicates the long‐term MRTN for corn in an Iowa corn–soybean rotation without cover crop is 154 kg N ha −1 , with a range of rates from 141 to 167 kg N ha −1 that return a profit within one dollar per acre of the maximum profit at a fertilizer to grain price ratio of 0.1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rate to Corn Affect Nitrous Oxide Emissions from the Rotated Soybean Crop?

et al. 2015

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Little information exists on the potential for N fertilizer application to corn (Zea mays L.) to affect N 2 O emissions during subsequent unfertilized crops in a rotation. To determine if N fertilizer application to corn affects N 2 O emissions during subsequent crops in rotation, we measured N 2 O emissions for 3 yr (2011)(2012)(2013) ) did not affect mean N 2 O flux rates from the subsequent unfertilized soybean crop. However, in 1 yr after a drought, mean N 2 O flux rates from the soybean crops that received 135 and 225 kg N ha -1 N application in the corn year were 35 and 70% higher than those from the soybean crop that received no N application in the corn year. Our results are consistent with previous studies demonstrating that cover crop effects on N 2 O emissions are not easily generalizable. When N fertilizer affects N 2 O emissions during a subsequent unfertilized crop, it will be important to determine if total fertilizer-induced N 2 O emissions are altered or only spread across a greater period of time.

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“…A brief description of the models is given in the supporting information; for a detailed description of the models, we refer to the cited publications and also to www.apsim.info. Calibration followed an iterative approach (Archontoulis et al, 2014a) in which several aspects of the soil-plant-atmosphere system were evaluated concurrently against measured data, expert judgments, and published literature for this region (Feyereisen et al, 2006;Thorp et al, 2007;Li et al, 2008;Basso & Ritchie, 2012;Fang et al, 2012;Pantoja, 2013;Malone et al, 2014). Measured data from continuous corn, continuous corn with rye, and corn-soybean were used to develop cropand soil-specific parameters (calibration), and data from soybean-corn were used to test model performance.…”

Section: Apsim Configuration Calibration and Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

How efficiently do corn‐ and soybean‐based cropping systems use water? A systems modeling analysis

Dietzel

Liebman

Ewing

et al. 2015

Global Change Biology

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Agricultural systems are being challenged to decrease water use and increase production while climate becomes more variable and the world's population grows. Low water use efficiency is traditionally characterized by high water use relative to low grain production and usually occurs under dry conditions. However, when a cropping system fails to take advantage of available water during wet conditions, this is also an inefficiency and is often detrimental to the environment. Here, we provide a systems-level definition of water use efficiency (sWUE) that addresses both production and environmental quality goals through incorporating all major system water losses (evapotranspiration, drainage, and runoff). We extensively calibrated and tested the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM) using 6 years of continuous crop and soil measurements in corn- and soybean-based cropping systems in central Iowa, USA. We then used the model to determine water use, loss, and grain production in each system and calculated sWUE in years that experienced drought, flood, or historically average precipitation. Systems water use efficiency was found to be greatest during years with average precipitation. Simulation analysis using 28 years of historical precipitation data, plus the same dataset with ± 15% variation in daily precipitation, showed that in this region, 430 mm of seasonal (planting to harvesting) rainfall resulted in the optimum sWUE for corn, and 317 mm for soybean. Above these precipitation levels, the corn and soybean yields did not increase further, but the water loss from the system via runoff and drainage increased substantially, leading to a high likelihood of soil, nutrient, and pesticide movement from the field to waterways. As the Midwestern United States is predicted to experience more frequent drought and flood, inefficiency of cropping systems water use will also increase. This work provides a framework to concurrently evaluate production and environmental performance of cropping systems.

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Effect of corn stover harvest and winter rye cover crop on corn nitrogen fertilization

Cited by 5 publications

References 104 publications

Midwestern cropping system effects on drainage water quality and crop yields

Midwestern cropping system effects on drainage water quality and crop yields

Does Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rate to Corn Affect Nitrous Oxide Emissions from the Rotated Soybean Crop?

How efficiently do corn‐ and soybean‐based cropping systems use water? A systems modeling analysis

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