Effect of cysteamine hydrochloride supplementation on the growth performance, enterotoxic status, and glutathione turnover of broilers fed aflatoxin B1 contaminated diets

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effect of cysteamine hydrochloride (CSH) supplementation on the growth performance, opportunistic bacteria and enterotoxic markers, visceral lesions, glutathione turnover, and inflammatory factors of broilers fed diets contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). One-day-old Arbor Acres broilers (n = 480) were randomly allocated to 4 treatments with 6 replicates of 20 chicks each for a 2 × 2 design with CSH (0 or 200 mg/kg) and AFB1 (0 or 40 μg/kg). The trial lasted for 42 d. Results showed that AFB1 negatively affected (P < 0.05) growth performance, opportunistic bacteria and enterotoxic markers, intestinal lesions, glutathione turnover, and inflammatory factors. The CSH increased (P < 0.05) feed intake and body weight gain. The enterotoxic status was relieved in the CSH treatments by reducing (P < 0.05) the populations of gut Escherichia coli, Gram-negative bacteria, serum diamine oxidase, and intestinal lesions. The CSH also increased (P < 0.05) serum reduced glutathione, glutathione s-transferases, and glutathione reductase, and decreased (P < 0.05) the mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β. Significant interactions (P < 0.05) were found on Gram-negative bacteria, diamine oxidase, and glutathione s-transferases. The results suggest that the CSH can improve glutathione turnover and reduce the risk of enterotoxic disease induced by AFB1 in broilers.

Cysteamine administration in lambs grazing on mountain pastures: Effects on the body weight, antioxidant capacity, thyroid hormones and growth hormone secretion

“…Dietary CS supplemented in pigs at 30-700 mg/kg (Bai et al, 2019;Du et al, 2012;C. B. Yang et al, 2005;Zhou et al, 2017), chicken at 60-200 mg/kg (Liu et al, 2018;Nunes et al, 2012;C. M. Yang et al, 2006), and cattle at 5-45 g/day (Wang et al, 2015).…”

“…Some authors suggested that an increase in BW was associated with enhancement of feed intake in pigs, chickens, and sheep (Barnett & Hegarty, 2014;Du et al, 2012;N. Liu et al, 2018).…”

“…The CS is known to induce not only a decrease in somatostatin and increase in GH release, but also a substantial increase in plasma concentration of T3, T4, insulin, glucose, insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I), insulin‐like growth factor‐II (IGH‐II), gastrin, and prolactin in ruminants (Barnett & Hegarty, 2016 ; Bin et al., 2003 ; Jia‐dong et al., 2006 ; Xijie et al., 2000 ). The CS acts via sulfhydryldisulfide exchange reactions in the glutathione redox cycle, so the sulfhydryl group can theoretically facilitate the synthesis and turnover of glutathione (Liu et al., 2018 ).…”

“…The CS is known to induce not only a decrease in somatostatin and increase in GH release, but also a substantial increase in plasma concentration of T3, T4, insulin, glucose, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), insulin-like growth factor-II (IGH-II), gastrin, and prolactin in ruminants (Barnett & Hegarty, 2016;Bin et al, 2003;Jiadong et al, 2006;Xijie et al, 2000). The CS acts via sulfhydryldisulfide exchange reactions in the glutathione redox cycle, so the sulfhydryl group can theoretically facilitate the synthesis and turnover of glutathione (Liu et al, 2018). Substantial improvements in performance indices have been observed in response to the administration of CS in mammals, such as improvement in feed efficiency, weight gain, milk yield, and apparent digestibility (Barnett & Hegarty, 2014;Bin et al, 2003;Jia-dong et al, 2006).…”

Growth performance, fillet quality and immunity after challenge with streptococcus agalactiae of red tilapia ( oreochromis sp .) fed diet containing cysteamine and creatine

“…The high value of SOD in treatment C strengthens the synergy of cysteamine and creatine supplementation in tilapia diets. The mechanism of cysteamine is as an antioxidant through the increased levels of glutathione (Liu et al, 2018), while creatine as an antioxidant may be linked to providing ready-to-use energy (Owen & Lea, 2011) and neutralizing superoxide anions (O2 − ), peroxynitrite (OONO − ) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-e thylbenzothiazolamine-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS + ) (Lawler et al, 2002).…”