Effect of cystoscopy, prostate biopsy, and transurethral resection of prostate on serum prostate-specific antigen concentration

Biopsy Related Prostate Status Does Not Affect on the Clinicopathological Outcome of Robotic Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy

“…Imaging studies by endorectal MRI after prostate biopsy suggest that changes can last up to 21 days (8,9). The serum PSA level generally returns to baseline 4 weeks after biopsy, and is considered a sign of complete resolution of inflammation (10). These findings support the concept of waiting a minimum of 4 weeks before conducting an RP, and this was empirically used as a guideline period.…”

The Impact of Intraoperative Manipulation of the Prostate on Total and Free Prostate-Specific Antigen

“…After transrectal biopsy and transurethral resection of the prostate, pronounced and long-lasting elevations of t-PSA have been reported (8,9). The effects of transurethral manipulations are controversial (9,10). Particularly digital rectal examination (DRE) is a source of debate.…”

Does Rigid Cystoscopy Affect the Total Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen Levels?

“…Data from prior studies evaluating PSA change in relation to Table 3 Statistical comparison of total serum PSA levels at 0 and 24 h post CPE cystoscopy have shown variable results, as serum PSA level may either increase or remain the same following cystoscopy. We believe, while it is well accepted, that no urologist may consider an elevated PSA after CPE to be pathological; nevertheless, there is scarcity in published studies evaluating the precise effect of rigid cystoscopy on serum PSA levels, as a recent review of literature suggests that the serum PSA level may increase or remain unaltered following rigid cystoscopy (Table 4) [18,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. While the effect of rigid cystoscopy on serum PSA has not been clearly defined in the published literature (Table 4), in our study, we observed a significant rise in the serum PSA levels both at 1 and 24 h following cystoscopy.…”