Effect of dietary carbohydrate levels on growth performance, body composition, intestinal and hepatic enzyme activities, and growth hormone gene expression of juvenile golden pompano, Trachinotus ovatus

Zhou, Chuanpeng; Ge, Xianping; Niu, Jin; Lin, Heizhao; Huang, Zhong; Tan, Xiaohong

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.12.016

Cited by 111 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…These references reported that high carbohydrate had no significant effect on growth performances. In contrast, other research reported that excessive carbohydrate levels had effect on growth performances by reducing the growth rate, and increasing FCR in blunt snout bream [23] and grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) [24]. The reason of difference from our result may be related to the different carbohydrate content in different diets.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Transcriptomic and Metabolomics Analyses Show that High Carbohydrate Induces Fatty Liver in Blunt Snout Bream (Megalobrama amblycephala)

Prisingkorn

Prathomya

Liu

et al. 2017

Preprint

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A high intake of carbohydrates, associated with obesity, is one of the major causes of fatty liver disease in humans.This study investigated how high carbohydrate intake induces fatty liver disease in Blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). Blunt snout bream were fed a high-carbohydrate diet (HCBD) for 60 days. Their growth indices were evaluated, and the transcriptomes, metabolites, biochemistry, and histology of their blood and livers were analyzed. The final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio were all higher in the HCBD group than in the control group, but not significantly so (P > 0.05). The hepatosomatic index (HSI) differed significantly in the two groups (P < 0.05), and the metabolomics results showed that a high carbohydrate intake induced significant increases in plasma α/β-glucose, succinate, and tyrosine, which could increase hepatic glycogen and triglyceride. Low levels of betaine were also found in the livers of the HCBD group. The histology and blood biochemistry results suggested abnormal liver, with excessive lipid accumulation and liver damage. A transcriptome analysis and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR) indicated that the expression of the factors INSR, IRS, PI3K, PDK, AKT, ACC, IL6, AP1, ChREBP-MLX, PEPCK, and FBP in the insulin signaling pathway was significantly upregulated and that of SOCS3, GSK3β, and AMPK significantly downregulated in the HCBD. This pattern is associated with the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathway. This study extends our understanding of how high carbohydrate causes increased fat deposition in the liver, enhanced glycolysis (α/β-glucose) in the plasma, and reduced betaine in the liver. This leads to activation of hepatocyte insulin resistance and lipogenesis by regulating the expression of genes related to fatty liver disease.Keyword: blunt snout bream; high carbohydrate; transcriptome; metabolomics; insulin resistance; fatty liver disease Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted:

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Transcriptomic and Metabolomics Analyses Show that High Carbohydrate Induces Fatty Liver in Blunt Snout Bream (Megalobrama amblycephala)

Prisingkorn

Prathomya

Liu

et al. 2017

Preprint

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“…In many fish species, high dietary carbohydrate induced lower growth, excess lipid deposition, and decreased stress resistance383940. Therefore, fish nutritionists have tried different routes to promote the carbohydrate/glucose utilization in fish, including exploring the optimal sources and contents of dietary carbohydrate4142, adding supplementary elements (e.g. chromium)4344, or even developing gene-modified fish species4546.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic regulation of L-carnitine in nutritional metabolism in zebrafish, Danio rerio

Qin

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Excess fat accumulation has been observed widely in farmed fish; therefore, efficient lipid-lowering factors have obtained high attention in the current fish nutrition studies. Dietary L-carnitine can increase fatty acid β-oxidation in mammals, but has produced contradictory results in different fish species. To date, the mechanisms of metabolic regulation of L-carnitine in fish have not been fully determined. The present study used zebrafish to investigate the systemic regulation of nutrient metabolism by dietary L-carnitine supplementation. L-carnitine significantly decreased the lipid content in liver and muscle, accompanied by increased concentrations of total and free carnitine in tissues. Meanwhile, L-carnitine enhanced mitochondrial β-oxidation activities and the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 mRNA significantly, whereas it depressed the mRNA expression of adipogenesis-related genes. In addition, L-carnitine caused higher glycogen deposition in the fasting state, and increased and decreased the mRNA expressions of gluconeogenesis-related and glycolysis-related genes, respectively. L-carnitine also increased the hepatic expression of mTOR in the feeding state. Taken together, dietary L-carnitine supplementation decreased lipid deposition by increasing mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation, and is likely to promote protein synthesis. However, the L-carnitine-enhanced lipid catabolism would cause a decrease in glucose utilization. Therefore, L-carnitine has comprehensive effects on nutrient metabolism in fish.

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“…In the C200 group, the mRNA levels and activities of glycolytic enzymes were no longer up‐regulated except for gck . In the liver of golden pompano ( Trachinotus ovatus ), the HK activity significantly increased with dietary starch level from 0 to 168 g/kg and then decreased slightly, suggesting that 168 g/kg of dietary starch is probably near the maximum tolerable level for metabolic utilization in that species (Zhou et al, ). The mRNA levels of pck1 , g6pc and PEPCK activity increased significantly in fish fed the C200 diet compared with those fed C120 in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular adaptations of glucose and lipid metabolism to different levels of dietary carbohydrates in juvenile Japanese flounderParalichthys olivaceus

et al. 2019

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Japanese flounder juveniles (initial body weight: 7.12 ± 0.02 g) were fed three diets containing 0, 120 and 200 g/kg of carbohydrates (C0, C120 and C200, respectively) for 10 weeks. Results showed that higher dietary carbohydrate intake enabled further deposition of glycogen and lipids in liver and muscle. The mRNA levels of glucokinase (gck), phosphofructokinase (pfkl) and hexokinase (HK) activity involved in glycolysis were significantly up‐regulated in C120 (p < .05) but showed no further up‐regulation except for gck in C200. Besides, the gluconeogenic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (pck1) mRNA levels were down‐regulated significantly in fish fed the C120 (p < .05). However, further increase in dietary carbohydrate levels increased the mRNA levels and activities of enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis and lipolysis (p < .05). Additionally, plasma glucose remained unchanged in C120 (p > .05) but significantly increased in C200 group (p < .05). In conclusion, Japanese flounder was able to use carbohydrates efficiently through regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism when dietary carbohydrate was not higher than 120 g/kg, while 200 g/kg of dietary carbohydrate caused the deregulation of glucose homoeostasis.

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Effect of dietary carbohydrate levels on growth performance, body composition, intestinal and hepatic enzyme activities, and growth hormone gene expression of juvenile golden pompano, Trachinotus ovatus

Cited by 111 publications

References 61 publications

Transcriptomic and Metabolomics Analyses Show that High Carbohydrate Induces Fatty Liver in Blunt Snout Bream (<em>Megalobrama amblycephala</em>)<strong></strong>

Transcriptomic and Metabolomics Analyses Show that High Carbohydrate Induces Fatty Liver in Blunt Snout Bream (<em>Megalobrama amblycephala</em>)<strong></strong>

Systemic regulation of L-carnitine in nutritional metabolism in zebrafish, Danio rerio

Molecular adaptations of glucose and lipid metabolism to different levels of dietary carbohydrates in juvenile Japanese flounderParalichthys olivaceus

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