Effect of dietary inclusion of various plant ingredients as an alternative for Sargassum thunbergii on growth and body composition of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Abstract

Two feeding experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of different plant ingredients on growth and body composition of juvenile sea cucumber. In the first experiment, three replicate groups of the sea cucumber (average weight of 1.5 ± 0.05 g) were fed one of the seven experimental diets containing Sargassum thunbergii (CON), Undaria (UND), Laminaria (LAM), Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata (BRA), fermented soybean (FSB), distillers dried grain (DDG) and rice straw powder (RIC) for 10 weeks. After the feeding trial, survival was not significantly different among the dietary treatments. Specific growth rate (SGR) of sea cucumber fed the FSB diet (0.73) was significantly higher than that of sea cucumber fed the other diets (P < 0.05), except for the DDG diet (0.64). The lowest SGR was observed in sea cucumber fed the CON diet (0.14). Based on the result of the first experiment, the second experiment was conducted to determine the proper level of dietary DDG for growth of juvenile sea cucumber. Three replicate groups of sea cucumber (average weight of 1.6 ± 0.02 g) were fed one of the five experimental diets containing different levels (g kg )1 ) of DDG (DDG0, DDG10, DDG20, DDG30 and DDG40) for 12 weeks. Survival was not significantly different among the treatments (P > 0.05). The best SGR was obtained in sea cucumber fed the DDG10 diet (10.1) and the value of sea cucumber fed the DDG40 diet (5.6) was the lowest (P < 0.05). The SGR of sea cucumber fed the DDG10 diet did not differ from that of sea cucumber fed the DDG20 diet (P > 0.05). Moisture, crude protein, crude lipid and ash contents of whole body in sea cucumber among the dietary treatments (P > 0.05) did not differ significantly at both experiments. Results of two feeding trial suggest that dietary inclusion with 100 g kg )1 FSB or 100-200 g kg )1 DDG may improve growth of juvenile sea cucumber, and especially DDG could be used as a good ingredient for the low-cost feed formulation. KEY WORDS

Inclusion of Distillers Dried Grain as Partial Replacement of Wheat Flour and Soybean Meal in the Diet of Juvenile Abalone Haliotis discus hannai

“…DDG has already been tested as a possible alternative protein and/ or energy source associated with aquafeed (Chevanan et al, 2010;Wu et al, 1996), and it is less expensive than traditional ingredients such as soybean meal and wheat flour (Rahman et al, 2013a(Rahman et al, , 2013b. Seo et al (2011) reported that rice-based DDG contains a high protein content and well-balanced amino acid profile, and may be useful for producing low-cost feed for juvenile olive flounder (Rahman et al, 2013a) and sea cucumber (Choi et al, 2013). Therefore, the objective of the this study was to investigate the effects of dietary DDG as an alternative feed ingredient (compared to traditional soybean meal and wheat flour) on the growth and body composition of juvenile abalone.…”

FORMULASI DAN APLIKASI PAKAN BUATAN BERBASIS RUMPUT LAUT UNTUK PENDEDERAN BENIH TERIPANG PASIR (Holothuria scabra)

“…Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa teripang pasir mempunyai keterbatasan untuk mencerna rumput laut. Nilai kecernaan pakan ini hampir sama dengan yang dilaporkan Seo et al (2011) yaitu berkisar 41%-50% untuk bahan kering dan 65%-76% untuk kecernaan protein pakan (tujuh jenis pakan) yang menggunakan tepung Sargassum thunbergii sebanyak 20%-40%, tepung kedelai dan dikombinasikan dengan tepung rumput Undaria pinnatifida atau Laminaria japonica untuk teripang A. japonicus.…”

“…Shi et al (2013) juga menggunakan alga coklat Sargassum thunbergii sebagai pakan pada budidaya teripang Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) di Cina, karena alga ini mempunyai kandungan protein yang cukup untuk kebutuhan protein teripang, yaitu 7,8%-11% dan kaya akan asam amino. Beberapa jenis rumput laut lainnya yang juga digunakan pada pemeliharaan teripang Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) adalah Undaria pinnatifida (Seo et al, 2011), Gracilaria lemaneiformis (Gao et al, 2011), dan Ulva lactuca (Xia et al, 2012a). Bahkan Xia et al (2012b) melaporkan pakan yang mengandung 50% Laminaria japonica dari total alga dalam pakan sangat cocok untuk budidaya teripang Apostichopus japonicus.…”

“…Komposisi proksimat (% BK) teripang pasir setelah diberi pakan percobaan selama 120 hari 1) (Omran, 2013). Seo et al (2011) pada percobaannya menggunakan bahan nabati berupa rumput laut untuk pakan pemeliharaan teripang A. japonicus melaporkan bahwa komposisi asam amino teripang tidak dipengaruhi oleh bahan pakan yang digunakan.…”

Dietary Inclusion of Distillers Dried Grain for Growth of Juvenile Abalone Haliotis discus hannai

“…However, limited information is available on the effect of dietary DDG from rice as an alternative ingredient for juvenile abalone, H. discus hannai. Our previous studies suggested that DDG from rice could improve the growth performance of sea cucumber (Seo et al, 2011;Choi et al, 2013).…”