Effect of dimethoate on the immune system of female mice

Abstract

The functional status of the immune system of female mice exposed to a single oral dose of dimethoate (16 mg/kg) was evaluated by assessing cell mediated and humoral immune responses, in addition to the effect of dimethoate on spleen and body weights after different time intervals. The data showed that dimethoate caused a time-depended decrease in spleen weights in the absence of a change in body weights. The immunologic effect of dimethoate to female mice produced a dose-dependent decrease in the number of the rosette forming cells (total and active erythrocyte rosette). The ability of splenocytes to proliferation in response to mitogens; phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for T cell and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for B cell were significantly decreased at the different times. As compared to control, a significant decrease in serum total immunoglobulins (Ig) and IgM was found, while IgG was non-significant deceased. Results of this study also revealed that dimethoate caused a significant decrease in the number of plaque forming cell (PFC/10(6) splenocytes) in a time dependent manner.

Lymphoma risk and occupational exposure to pesticides: results of the Epilymph study

“…The lack of consistent dose response trends with all the exposure metrics might support chance as the explanation for the observed associations, or it might imply some mechanism different from a direct intervention in the carcinogenic process. For instance, dimethoate was shown to have the lowest cytotoxic and genotoxic potential in cultured cells, compared to other three organophosphates and the organochlorine endosulfan;80 however, its administration in experimental female mice caused a decrease in total immunoglobulins and IgM and in the number of plaque forming cells;81 the same effects were observed over three generations following repeated administration of low doses dimethoate in outbred Wistar rats 82. Functional activity of Th1 lymphocytes, immune reactions associated with these cells, and interferon- γ  production were impaired after subacute malathion intoxication in albino rats,83 while thymic atrophy and reduction in splenic germinal centres followed methylparathion administration in rabbits 84.…”

Evaluation of sub-chronic chlorpyrifos poisoningon immunological and biochemical changes in ratsand protective effect of eugenol

“…These results were consistent with some previous reports, Blakley et al (1999) reported that humoral immunity (anti-sheep red blood cell), a T-lymphocyte macrophage dependent response, was reduced in rats when CPF administered by oral gavage twice weekly for 28 days at a dose of 5.0 mg/kg. Also, Aly and El-Gendy, (2000) found that a single oral dose of dimethoate (16 mg/kg) significantly decreased serum total immunoglobulins (Ig) and IgM, while IgG was non-significantly . deceased.…”

Protective effect of ginger and zinc chloride mixture on the liver and kidney alterations induced by malathion toxicity

“…11 In fact, the toxicity of organophosphorus insecticides results in negative effects on many organs and systems such as the liver, kidney, nervous system, immune system, and reproductive system. 12,13 The liver is one of the organs affected by malathion toxicity. It showed degenerative changes in the form of congestion of the central vein and focal areas of leucocytic infiltration in the hepatic architecture.…”