Effect of Doll Injection Display on Pain Intensity due to Intramuscular Injection in Preschool Children

Abstract

Aims: Pains caused by the invasive actions such as intramuscular injection lead to the physical and mental tensions in the children. Therefore, such pains should be given relief. One of the main priorities in the nursing is to notice methods that reduce pains due to the invasive actions in the children. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of injection displayed on a doll on the pain intensity due to the intramuscular injection in the preschool children. Materials & Methods:In the randomized controlled clinical trial, 62 kids aged between 4 and 6 years with pharyngitis were studied in the clinic of the health network of Khalil-abad Township in 2015. The intramuscular injection of penicillin 6.3.3 was administrated for the kids. The subjects, selected by simple lottery, were divided into two groups including experimental and control groups (n=31 per group). Data was collected using a demographic characteristic collecting form and Oucher standard pain assessment tool. In experimental group, the kid watching, one intramuscular injection was displayed on a doll by a nurse; then, the kid underwent an intramuscular injection. In control group, the routine injection method was done. Data was analyzed by SPSS 19 software using Mann-Whitney, independent T, and Chisquare tests. Findings: Mean pain intensity after injection in experimental group (3.22±0.90) was significantly lower than control group (4.19±0.83; p<0.001). Conclusion: The injection displayed on a doll before the intramuscular injection might lead to pain reduction in the preschool kids.

Comparing the Effect of Aromatherapy and Distraction on the Pain Caused by Venipuncture in Hospitalized Children: Evidence from a Clinical Trial Study

“…The results revealed the relief of pain and anxiety in the three utilized methods, but no significant difference was detected(20).Irani et al (25) conducted a clinical trial to explore the effect of doll injection display on the intensity of pain resulting from intramuscular injection among preschool children. The results indicated that the mean intensity of pain was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group(25). Similar results are also obtained by Sadeghi et al(22) and Babaie et al(32).…”

“…In this context, playing with a puppet can provide a safe environment that leads to emotional discharge and decreased tension (24). While playing with a puppet, children can balance their motivations, evacuate their extra mental energies, and flourish and reshape their physical and mental energies (25).…”

“…There has been an increasing trend toward using aromatherapy for pain reduction during the past six decades (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). Aromatherapy involves using aromatic oils extracts of flowers and plants for treating various diseases.…”

Comparison of skin traction, pressure, and rapid muscle release with conventional method on intramuscular injection pain: A randomized clinical trial

“…[ 8 ] Since applying new techniques of IM injection and creating an enjoyable experience are of the ethical and legal duties of nurses,[ 5 ] gaining skill in injection based on most recent studies has long been considered by nursing science. [ 2 ] Pain reduction methods include slow injection of the drug,[ 1 3 9 ] acupressure,[ 10 ] direct skin contact,[ 11 12 ] and oral sucrose in neonates,[ 13 14 ] the effect of patient's position at the time of injection,[ 15 ] topical cold,[ 16 17 ] thought deviation,[ 16 18 ] use of ShotBlocker,[ 6 19 ] use of air locking technique and Z method,[ 3 7 15 20 ] use of skin stroke with fingers, use of topical anesthetics such as lidocaine and prilocaine cream[ 6 21 ] and Vapocoolant spray,[ 22 ] and selection of the appropriate muscle for drug injection. [ 1 13 23 ]…”