“…Knowledge sharing and hiding are the behaviors of employees that intentionally distribute or store information, ideas, competencies, and skills, which are determined by various factors. Factors that affect employees to share or hide knowledge, including career identity , paradoxical leadership, employee creativity (Devi, 2023), motivation (Perotti et al, 2023), empowering lea-dership (Haq et al, 2021;Khatoon et al, 2022), workplace ostracism (Xing and Li, 2022), job autonomy (Peng et al, 2022), work alienation (Guo et al, 2022), organizational environment (Kumar-Jha and Varkkey, 2018), organizational rewards (Zhang and Min, 2021), organizational injustice (Jahanzeb et al, 2020), psychological contracts, and overqualified employees (Zhang et al, 2022). Overqualified employees as a determinant of knowledge-sharing or hiding behavior have attracted attention, as one-third of the world's workforce thinks and believes that they are overqualified for the job they are currently doing (Arvan et al, 2019;.…”