Effect of Emulsification Method and Particle Size on the Rate of in vivo Oral Bioavailability of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) Seed Oil

Abstract

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed oil-in-water nanoemulsions stabilized by complexation of beta-cyclodextrin with sodium caseinate and Tween 20 have been shown to have higher bioaccessibility of vitamin E and total phenolic content than nonemulsified kenaf seed oil in the previous in vitro gastrointestinal digestion study. However, its oral bioavailability was unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of in vivo oral bioavailability of kenaf seed oil-in-water nanoemulsions in comparison with nonemulsified kenaf seed oil and kenaf seed oil macroemulsions during the 180 min of gastrointestinal digestion. Kenaf seed oil macroemulsions were produced by using conventional method. Kenaf seed oil-in-water nanoemulsions had shown improvement in the rate of absorption. At 180 min of digestion time, the total α-tocopherol bioavailability of kenaf seed oil nanoemulsions was increased by 1.7- and 1.4-fold, compared to kenaf seed oil and macroemulsion, respectively. Kenaf seed oil-in-water nanoemulsions were stable in considerably wide range of pH (>5 and <3), suggesting that it can be fortified into beverages within this pH range PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The production of kenaf seed oil-in-water nanoemulsions had provided a delivery system to encapsulate the kenaf seed oil, as well as enhanced the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of kenaf seed oil. Therefore, kenaf seed oil-in-water nanoemulsions exhibit a great potential application in nutraceutical fields.

Stabilization of Vitamin D in Pea Protein Isolate Nanoemulsions Increases Its Bioefficacy in Rats

“…This study is consistent with those findings of others showing that reduction of particle size of liposoluble bioactives and their stabilization using different surfactants results in their increased absorption [33,57,58]. For instance, nanoemulsification has increased the oral bioavailability in rats of anti-inflammatory drugs emulsified with Tween 20 [59] or anti-cancer bioactives emulsified with Cremorphor EL and polyethylene glycol [60], bioactives such as Kenaf seed oil emulsified with sodium caseinate and Tween 20 [61], vitamin E emulsified in lecithin [62], and coenzyme Q10 emulsified with salmon lecithin [63]. In the case of food applications and due to public pressure for clean labels, the food industry avidly seeks food-grade, natural surfactants, which are usually made of proteins, polysaccharides, or their combination [64,65].…”

Stabilization of Vitamin D in Pea Protein Isolate Nanoemulsions Increases Its Bioefficacy in Rats

“…This study is consistent with those findings of others showing that reduction of particle size of liposoluble bioactives and their stabilization using different surfactants results in their increased absorption [32,54,55]. For instance, nanoemulsification has increased the oral bioavailability in rats of anti-inflammatory drugs emulsified with Tween 20 [56] or anti-cancer bioactives emulsified with Cremorphor EL and polyethylene glycol [57], bioactives such as Kenaf seed oil emulsified with sodium caseinate and Tween 20 [58], vitamin E emulsified in lecithin [59], and coenzyme Q10 emulsified with salmon lecithin [60]. In the case of food applications and due to public pressure for clean labels, the food industry avidly seeks food-grade, natural surfactants, which are usually made of proteins, polysaccharides, or their combination [61,62].…”

Appraisal on the Wound Healing Potential of Deverra tortuosa DC. and Deverra triradiata Hochst Essential Oil Nanoemulsion Topical Preparation

“…Consequently, nanoemulsions can reduce the size of essential oil droplet to nanometer size range and therefore after applying it to the wounded sites, the water content is evaporated leaving a film on the wounded site, moreover, it protects EO components from adverse environmental conditions, and improve their stability ( Perinelli et al, 2020 ). The colloidal system, oil-in-water nanoemulsions is considered one of the top efficient systems available for encapsulation and delivery of hydrophobic compounds, as essential oils ( Cheong et al, 2018 ). Therefore, nanoemulsions of essential oil were prepared to improve wound-healing effects.…”