Effect of estrogen deprivation on the reproductive physiology of male and female primates

Shetty, Gunapala; Krishnamurthy, H.; Bhatnagar, Ajay S.; Moudgal, Raghuveer N.

doi:10.1016/s0960-0760(97)80008-8

Cited by 299 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, in cycles involving adjunctive treatment with letrozole, serum E 2 concentrations have limited utility. Studies in infertile anovulatory women have demonstrated that letrozole can induce ovulation and is associated with lower peak E 2 levels than with other methods of ovulation induction [6,7]. Because E 2 levels rise only modestly during treatment with gonadotropins and letrozole, it might be assumed that risk for developing OHSS is low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome after letrozole-gonadotropin stimulation: a case report

Kim

Steiner²,

Fritz³

et al. 2011

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome after letrozole-gonadotropin stimulation: a case report

Kim

Steiner²,

Fritz³

et al. 2011

J Assist Reprod Genet

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“…Estrogen administration in follicular phase can improve endometrium preparation, but its role in the luteal phase is still under doubt [21][22][23]. In unsuccessful cycles, the late luteal E2 levels decline which may compromise periimplantation endometrial developments [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estradiol supplementation during the luteal phase in poor responder patients undergoing in vitro fertilization: a randomized clinical trial

Aghahosseini

Aleyassin

Khodaverdi

et al. 2011

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose This study was designed to evaluate the effects of adding Estradiol (E2) supplementation to progesterone (P) on improvement of pregnancy outcomes in poor responder patients who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF).Methods In a prospective randomized clinical trial, 118 poor responder patients, older than 38 years without contraindications of estradiol consumption from Infertility clinic of a university hospital were randomly divided (by computerized software) into two groups. Control group (59 patients) received only P and intervention group (59 patients) received P and E2 (4 mg/d). Supplementation was done with 4 mg E2 in the luteal phase. Fertilization rate, implantation rate, biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates, abortion rate, ongoing pregnancy, multiple pregnancy and ectopic pregnancy rates were documented for those who completed the study protocol in each group (per protocol analysis) and compared between groups. Result Fifty five patients in control group and 53 patients in intervention group successfully completed the study protocol. Treatment outcomes were not significantly different between two groups. Conclusion For poor responder women who underwent IVF, addition of E2 to P supplementation could not significantly improve pregnancy outcomes.

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“…In addition, it is not possible to divorce insipid effects of gene knockouts on development from those on function at maturity after normal development. The pharmacological inhibition of aromatase activity has been studied in at least one primate species (Shetty et al, 1997). Treatment of sexually mature female bonnet monkeys with aromatase inhibitors induced significant increases in FSH and androstenedione concentrations, but depressed serum oestradiol concentrations, inhibited the preovulatory LH surge and prevented ovulation.…”

Section: Defects In the Cyp19 Genementioning

confidence: 99%

Mammalian aromatases

Conley¹,

Hinshelwood²

2001

Reproduction

214

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Aromatase is the enzyme complex that catalyses the synthesis of oestrogens from androgens, and therefore it has unique potential to influence the physiological balance between the sex steroid hormones. Both aromatase cytochrome P450 (P450arom) and NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (reductase), the two essential components of the enzyme complex, are highly conserved among mammals and vertebrates. Aromatase expression occurs in the gonads and brain, and is essential for reproductive development and fertility. Of interest are the complex mechanisms involving alternative promoter utilization that have evolved to control tissue-specific expression in these tissues. In addition, in a number of species, including humans, expression of aromatase has a broader tissue distribution, including placenta, adipose and bone. The relevance of oestrogen synthesis and possibly androgen metabolism in these peripheral sites of expression is now becoming clear from studies in P450arom knockout (ArKO) mice and from genetic defects recognized recently in both men and women. Important species differences in the physiological roles of aromatase expression are also likely to emerge, despite the highly conserved nature of the enzyme system. The identification of functionally distinct, tissue-specific isozymes of P450arom in at least one mammal, pigs, and several species of fish indicates that there are additional subtle, but physiologically significant, species-specific roles for aromatase. Comparative studies of mammalian and other vertebrate aromatases will expand understanding of the role played by this ancient enzyme system in the evolution of reproduction and the adaptive influence of oestrogen synthesis on general health and well being.

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Effect of estrogen deprivation on the reproductive physiology of male and female primates

Cited by 299 publications

References 49 publications

Severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome after letrozole-gonadotropin stimulation: a case report

Severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome after letrozole-gonadotropin stimulation: a case report

Estradiol supplementation during the luteal phase in poor responder patients undergoing in vitro fertilization: a randomized clinical trial

Mammalian aromatases

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