Effect of flavonoids on the development of<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>f. sp.<i>lycopersici</i>

Steinkellner, Siegrid; Mammerler, Roswitha

doi:10.1080/17429140701409352

Cited by 38 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In this study, it was observed that the tested phenolic compounds exert a cytotoxic activity in vitro against F. proliferatum (AACC0215) and this activity increase when they are complexed with CSNPs. These results are in line with other studies in which phenols extract from olive leaves show an antifungal activity (Markin et al, 2003;Steinkellner and Mammerler, 2007;Goldsmith et al, 2015;Rodriguez-Maturino et al, 2015;Zorić et al, 2016). As reported by Ansari et al (2013) the phenols antimicrobial activity could be due to a synergistic action of the antioxidant and chelating power of the hydroxyl groups of the phenolic ring that form hydrogen bonds with cell wall proteins of microorganisms.…”

Section: In Vitro Inhibition To Growthsupporting

confidence: 91%

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In vitro Antifungal Activity of Olive (Olea europaea) Leaf Extracts Loaded in Chitosan Nanoparticles

Muzzalupo

Badolati

Chiappetta

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Olive leaf extract is characterized by a high content of phenols and flavonoids (oleuropein, luteolin, and their derivatives). These compounds are defined as secondary metabolites and exert such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. We investigated the in vitro antifungal activity of two olive leaf extracts (named EF1 and EF2) against a Fusarium proliferatum (AACC0215) strain that causes diseases to many economically important plants and synthesizing diverse mycotoxins. In this work, we aimed to identify the most appropriate concentration between the tested two olive leaf extracts to develop a safe, stable and efficient drug delivery system. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the two olive leaf extracts by (HPLC) were performed. Furthermore, we also evaluated the antifungal effects of the two leaf extracts when encapsulated in chitosan-tripolyphosphate nanoparticles. The major compound in both EF1 and EF2 was oleuropein, with 336 and 603 mg/g, respectively, however, high concentrations of flavonoid were also present. EF1 and EF2 showed a concentration depended effect on F. proliferatum (AACC0215) viability. Our results showed a great efficacy of EF1/nanoparticles at the higher concentration tested (12X) against the target species. In this case, we observed an inhibition rate to both germination and growth of 87.96 and 58.13%, respectively. We suggest that EF1 olive leaf extracts, as free or encapsulated in chitosan-tripolyphosphate nanoparticles, could be used as fungicides to control plant diseases. Finally, future application of these findings may allow to reduce the dosage of fungicides potentially harmful to human health.

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Section: In Vitro Inhibition To Growthsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This strain was sub-cultured on potato dextrose broth (PDB) and incubated in darkness at 24 • C. The suspension was diluted to a concentration of 1 × 10 5 spores/mL. Afterward it was divided into 1.5 mL aliquots and stored at −80 • C in 25% glycerol (Steinkellner and Mammerler, 2007).…”

Section: Used Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Antifungal Activity of Olive (Olea europaea) Leaf Extracts Loaded in Chitosan Nanoparticles

Muzzalupo

Badolati

Chiappetta

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…Together with biochar and compost tomato roots upon infection with F. oxysporum influenced the composition of root exudates probably because of exudation of new compounds or by altering the composition of root exudates (Akhter et al 2015;Steinkellner et al 2008;Benhamou 1991). The level of sugar contents and secondary metabolites such as flavonoids in the root exudates varies during tomato-Fol interaction which ultimately plays a role in stimulating or supressing the mycelial growth and development (Hage-Ahmed et al 2013;Steinkellner and Mammerler 2007). However, the extent of alteration of root exudates induced by Fol might also depend upon severity of infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 96-well plates for the mycelial growth assay were prepared as described for the chlamydospore germination assay. The mycelial growth and development was assessed by evaluating the optical density at 600 nm for a total period of five successive days after regular intervals, with a spectrophotometer (FLUOstar Omega, BMG LABTECH GmbH, Ortenberg, Germany) according to Steinkellner and Mammerler (2007). The CZD broth and acetate buffer served as a positive and negative control, respectively, for all fungal growth assays.…”

Section: Plant Materials and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Fusarium wilt-inducing chlamydospores, in vitro behaviour in root exudates and physiology of tomato in biochar and compost amended soil

et al. 2016

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Background and aims Biochars are recognised for their ability to improve soil functions and to stimulate plant defense mechanisms. We evaluated the response of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici chlamydospores to tomato plants grown in biochar and compost amended soil to get a deeper insight into the tomato-Fusarium pathosystem. Methods Wood chips and green waste biochar in combination with compost ('WCB comp and GWB comp ' respectively) were studied for their ability to suppress the Fusarium chlamydospores infectivity. Plant growth parameters and in vitro effects on chlamydospores were determined. Results The 'GWB comp ' soil amendment stimulated plants growth and gaseous exchange rates and had a suppressive effect on the chlamydospore infectivity in comparison with the 'WCB comp ' treatment and the treatment containing compost only. The germination rate of chlamydospores was unaffected by the source of root exudates, whereas the mycelial growth was significantly higher in root exudates from chlamydospore inoculated plants grown in 'WCB comp ' amended soil unlike to 'GWB comp ' amended soil. Conclusion Overall, our findings indicate that both biochars had a variable effect on chlamydospores. We conclude that soil amendment with garden waste biochar and compost exhibit a great potential in suppressing Fusarium chlamydospore infectivity and alleviating pathogen-induced physiological stress in tomato plants.

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“…This might appear inconclusive in the beginning. But when considering that phenolics are available in less quantities in root exudates and the findings of previous studies demonstrating that on the one hand low concentrations of flavonoids had more antimicrobial activity against Fol than higher concentrations (Steinkellner and Mammerler ) and on the other low concentrations had more stimulatory effects on F. solani germination than higher concentrations (Ruan et al. ), the picture is different.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Alterations in Root Exudation of Intercropped Tomato Mediated by the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Glomus mosseae and the Soilborne Pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici

Hage‐Ahmed

Moyses

Voglgruber

et al. 2013

Journal of Phytopathology

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can control soilborne diseases such as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol). Root exudates play an important role in plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere, especially, in the initial phase of these interactions. In this work, we focus on (i) elucidating dynamics in root exudation of Solanum lycopersicum L. in an intercropping system due to AMF and/or Fol; (ii) its effect on Fol development in vitro; and (iii) the testing of the root exudate compounds identified in the chromatographic analyses in terms of effects on fungal growth in in vitro assays. GC-MS analyses revealed an AMF-dependent increase in sugars and decrease in organic acids, mainly glucose and malate. In the HPLC analyses, an increase in chlorogenic acid was evident in the combined treatment of AMF and Fol, which is to our knowledge the first report about an increase in chlorogenic acid in root exudates of AM plants challenged with Fol compared with plants inoculated with AMF only, clearly indicating changes in root exudation due to AMF and Fol. Root exudates of AMF tomato plants stimulate the germination rate of Fol, whereas the co-inoculation of AMF and Fol leads to a reduction in spore germination. In the in vitro assays, citrate and chlorogenic acid could be identified as possible candidates for the reduction in Fol germination rate in the root exudates of the AMF+Fol treatment because they proved inhibition at concentrations naturally occurring in the rhizosphere.

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Effect of flavonoids on the development ofFusarium oxysporumf. sp.lycopersici

Cited by 38 publications

References 28 publications

In vitro Antifungal Activity of Olive (Olea europaea) Leaf Extracts Loaded in Chitosan Nanoparticles

In vitro Antifungal Activity of Olive (Olea europaea) Leaf Extracts Loaded in Chitosan Nanoparticles

Potential of Fusarium wilt-inducing chlamydospores, in vitro behaviour in root exudates and physiology of tomato in biochar and compost amended soil

Alterations in Root Exudation of Intercropped Tomato Mediated by the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Glomus mosseae and the Soilborne Pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici

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