Effect of gastrin on proximal gastric motor function in humans

Mearadji, Banafsche; Straathof, Jan Willem; Lamers, C. B. H. W.; Masclee, Ad

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2982.1999.00168.x

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The investigators found that infusion of ghrelin increased gastric emptying in insulin-requiring diabetic patients with gastroparesis and that this effect was independent of vagal tone. Cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastrin also have been shown to be effective in treating severely delayed gastric emptying [110,111]. Excellent reviews of gastroparesis and its potential treatments are available in the literature [83,106,112,113].…”

Section: Current Therapies For Gastric Emptying Disordersmentioning

confidence: 98%

Diabetes mellitus and gastric emptying: questions and issues in clinical practice

Samsom¹,

Bharucha

Gerich

et al. 2009

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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It is long known that both type 1 and type 2 diabetes can be associated with changes in gastric emptying; a number of publications have linked diabetes to delayed gastric emptying of variable severity and often with poor relationship to gastrointestinal symptomatology. In contrast, more recent studies have reported accelerated gastric emptying when adjusted for glucose concentration in patients with diabetes, indicating a reciprocal relationship between gastric emptying and ambient glucose concentrations. This review proposes that gastroparesis or gastroparesis diabeticorum, a severe condition characterized by a significant impairment of gastric emptying accompanied by severe nausea, vomiting, and malnutrition, is often overdiagnosed and not well contrasted with delays in gastric emptying. The article offers a clinically relevant definition of gastroparesis that should help differentiate this rare condition from (often asymptomatic) delays in gastric emptying. The fact that delayed gastric emptying can also be observed in non-diabetic individuals under experimental conditions in which hyperglycaemia is artificially induced suggests that a delay in gastric emptying rate when blood glucose concentrations are high is actually an appropriate physiological response to hyperglycaemia, slowing further increases in blood glucose. The article discusses the strengths and weaknesses of various methodologies for assessing gastric emptying, especially with respect to the diabetes population, and reviews newer diabetes therapies that decelerate the rate of gastric emptying. These therapies may be a beneficial tool in managing postprandial hyperglycaemia because they attenuate rapid surges in glucose concentrations by slowing the delivery of meal-derived glucose.

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Section: Current Therapies For Gastric Emptying Disordersmentioning

confidence: 98%

Diabetes mellitus and gastric emptying: questions and issues in clinical practice

Samsom¹,

Bharucha

Gerich

et al. 2009

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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“…Vagal afferents transmit both physiological stimuli (gastrin) and pathological events (back diffusion of luminal HCl or NH 4 OH) from the stomach to the brain stem. 40 It has been reported that duodenal acidifi cation has an inhibitory effect on gastric emptying, [41][42][43][44][45] and HCl may restrict gastric outfl ow by inducing tonic occlusion of the duodenum. 45 We included one H. pylori-positive subject as a healthy control in this study because he had no dyspeptic symptoms and no organic diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time evaluation of dyspeptic symptoms and gastric motility induced by duodenal acidification using noninvasive transnasal endoscopy

et al. 2008

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“…As early as 1967, Hunt and Ramsbottom [55] reported the slowing of gastric emptying in 2 humans during an intravenous infusion of gastrin. The effect of gastrin on interdigestive antroduodenal motility and intragastric volume (increase) seems to be mediated by the associated increase of intraluminal acidity [56,57]. On the other hand, intravenous amino acids increased intragastric volume without a notable increase in plasma gastrin.…”

Section: Amino Acids In Regulation Of Stomach Emptyingmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In an above-mentioned human study, intravenous infusion of gastrin increased the intragastric volume and compliance in healthy volunteers. Symptom perception decreased during gastrin infusion [57]. In another volunteer study (Straathof et al [51]), infusion of CCK at doses resulting in plasma levels in the (peak) postprandial range induced gastric fundal relaxation and increased compliance of the gastric walls.…”

Section: Pepsin-induced Processes Supportive Of Digestionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pepsin and Its Importance for Functional Dyspepsia: Relic, Regulator or Remedy?

Petersen¹

2017

Dig Dis

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Background: Functional dyspepsia is a heterogeneous disorder lacking an established therapeutic strategy. Historical treatment attempts with pepsin products were shrugged off, as a simple calculation shows that quantitative substitution is pointless. However, such attempts might have been right for the wrong reason. Summary: Today, the role of pepsins is primarily seen in the provision of signalling amino acids (especially phenylalanine and tryptophan) and peptides, which initiate processes promoting digestion. Proteolysis benefits from pepsin variants showing, contrary to common belief, activities of up to a pH value of 5.0. Non-clinical and clinical studies support the view that liberated amino acids produce a variety of direct and indirect effects. Signal chains stimulated by (mostly aromatic) amino acids lead to secretion of gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK), mediated, respectively, by CCK2 (gastrin) and Ca²⁺-sensing receptors in the parietal cell, and Ca²⁺-sensing receptors in the antral and duodenal mucosa. Thus, CCK effects such as secretion of pancreatic enzymes and promotion of gastric accommodation are (also) consequential to peptic liberation of amino acids. Key Message: As functional dyspepsia represents a heterogeneous disorder, it may be intriguing to view pepsin as a potential (although still to be proven) treatment modality, distinguished by a diversity of pro-digestive effects.

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Effect of gastrin on proximal gastric motor function in humans

Abstract: gastrin may have a role in regulating proximal gastric mechanics by inducing fundic relaxation and increasing gastric wall compliance. The effect of gastrin is dependent on acid secretion.

Cited by 25 publications

References 38 publications

Diabetes mellitus and gastric emptying: questions and issues in clinical practice

Diabetes mellitus and gastric emptying: questions and issues in clinical practice

Real-time evaluation of dyspeptic symptoms and gastric motility induced by duodenal acidification using noninvasive transnasal endoscopy

Pepsin and Its Importance for Functional Dyspepsia: Relic, Regulator or Remedy?

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