Effect of grain refinement on high-carbon martensite transformation and its mechanical properties

Sun, Junjie; Jiang, Tao; Wang, Yingjun; Guo, Shengwu; Liu, Yongning

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2018.04.095

Cited by 51 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Moreover, the average size of austenite grains is about 3.4 μm, which achieves the requirement of Refs. [15,16]. During the followed deformation, the reversal austenization proceeds.…”

Section: Follow Stress and Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chatterjee et al [14] proposed that the decomposition product would change if the size of parent phase reaches the nanometer. Yao et al [15] and Sun et al [16] proposed that the ferrite grain size would achieve the submicron and the cementite would precipitate in the form of particles, if the austenite grain size achieves to 3-4 μm. However, it is still a challenge how to obtain the austenite grains with size of 3-4 μm for C-Mn steels under the current industrial conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ultra-fine-Grained Ferrite Prepared from Dynamic Reversal Austenite During Warm Deformation

Chen

Yaqiang

et al. 2019

Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.)

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The ultra-fine-grained ferrite (UFGF) with the size of less than 1 μm is often difficult to be obtained for low-alloyed steel in practical production processing. In this study, considering the rod and wire production process, a new method for preparing the UFGF with submicron scale is proposed by warm deformation of six passes with total strain of 2.6, followed by the cooling process in Gleeble-3500 thermo-mechanical simulator. The results show that the UFGF with an average size of 0.64 μm could be obtained via the phase transformation from austenite grains with an average size of 3.4 μm, which are achieved by the deformation-induced reversal austenization during the high strain rate warm deformation. The main driving force for the reversal transformation is the stress. And the interval between the passes also plays an important role in the reversal austenization.

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“…Moreover, the average size of austenite grains is about 3.4 μm, which achieves the requirement of Refs. [15,16]. During the followed deformation, the reversal austenization proceeds.…”

Section: Follow Stress and Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-fine-Grained Ferrite Prepared from Dynamic Reversal Austenite During Warm Deformation

Chen

Yaqiang

et al. 2019

Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.)

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show abstract

“…It can be concluded from the observations that the quenching temperature has a great influence on martensite shape. Sun performed on the martensite size was determined by the martendite start temperature (Ms), the low Ms may lead to obtaining the fine martensite size [17]. Figure 4 displays the TEM microstructural structures of long and slender ferrite and retained austenite at each quenching temperature.…”

Section: Effect Of Quenching Temperature On Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Quenching Temperature on Microstructure and Rolling Contact Fatigue Behavior of 17Cr2Ni2MoVNb Steel

Zhang

Lai

et al. 2018

Metals

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17Cr2Ni2MoVNb steel is a new type of gear steel in the automotive industry; the rolling contact fatigue behavior is not well documented. In this study, some microscopic analysis methods (optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS)) were used to characterize material microstructure and damage surface. In addition, rolling contact fatigue behavior was evaluated by Weibull curve. The results show that the size of austenite grain increased while the quenching temperature increased. Moreover, the samples with a quenching temperature of 1000 °C exhibited the maximum mean life of 7.33 × 105 cycles. In addition, the failure mode of quenched at 900 °C and 1100 °C were delamination, and pitting was the main failure mode of 1000 °C.

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“…With the increase in PAGS, the width of the martensite block also increases. [ 9 ] Chen proposed that the wear resistance of martensitic steel increases with the decrease in grain size, which has a linear relationship with surface hardness. [ 10 ] The morphology of martensite is closely related to the mechanical properties of the material in present researches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Microstructure on Hardness and Wear Properties of 45 Steel after Induction Hardening

Cao

Liu

et al. 2021

steel research int.

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Herein, the mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of 45 steel subjected to induction hardening (IH) is studied. To study the strengthening mechanism of IH on the 45 steel, the flow rate (FL) with 50, 60, and 70 L min−1 are chosen to cool the samples. The hardness distribution in the near‐surface layer is measured by a CARAT 930 Vickers hardness tester. The metallographic structures of the 45 steel with and without IH are analyzed by optical microscope (OM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The phase analysis in the surface layer is determined by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Combined with OM and hardness distribution, the results indicate that bainite is the reason for the low hardness of the raw material. Also the wear mechanism of 45 steel changes from adhesive wear and delamination to abrasive wear. Moreover, when FL increases from 50 to 70 L min−1, the surface hardness of 45 steel raises by 19.86% and the coefficient of friction reduces from 0.122 to 0.0418. Combined with TEM analysis, the determinate factors of surface hardness and tribological characteristics owes to martensite grain refinement, during the process of transforming austenite to martensite. Dislocations provide conditions for martensite nucleation, the driving force of the phase change generated by thermal deformation and FL drop provides energy for martensite nucleation.

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Effect of grain refinement on high-carbon martensite transformation and its mechanical properties

Cited by 51 publications

References 39 publications

Ultra-fine-Grained Ferrite Prepared from Dynamic Reversal Austenite During Warm Deformation

Ultra-fine-Grained Ferrite Prepared from Dynamic Reversal Austenite During Warm Deformation

Effect of Quenching Temperature on Microstructure and Rolling Contact Fatigue Behavior of 17Cr2Ni2MoVNb Steel

Effect of Microstructure on Hardness and Wear Properties of 45 Steel after Induction Hardening

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