Effect of indaziflam on native species in natural areas and rangeland

Clark, Shannon L.; Sebastian, Derek J.; Nissen, Scott J.; Sebastian, James R.

doi:10.1017/inp.2019.4

Cited by 22 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…reported that indaziflam was an effective option for controlling invasive winter annual grasses such as downy brome ( Bromus tectorum L.), feral rye ( Secale cereale L.), and Japanese brome ( Bromus japonicus Thunb), allowing for increases in biomass and species richness 2 years after treatment. Other studies have reported similar findings with indaziflam in rangeland systems …”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Annual bluegrass (Poa annua) resistance to indaziflam applied early‐postemergence

Brosnan

Vargas

Spesard

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Indaziflam is an alkylazine herbicide used to control annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.). Several locations in the southeastern USA reported poor annual bluegrass control following treatment with indaziflam during autumn 2015. A series of controlled environment experiments were conducted to confirm putative resistance to indaziflam in annual bluegrass collected from these field locations.RESULTS: Indaziflam (25 g ha −1 ) effectively controlled all putative-resistant annual bluegrass collections when applied preemergence (PRE), but was ineffective when applied early-postemergence (< 2.5 cm plant height; BBCH scale = 1; EPOST). In agarose-based plate assays, EPOST I 50 values for putative-resistant collections ranged from 2424 to 4305 pM compared with 633 pM for the herbicide-susceptible control; therefore, resistance indexes (R/S) ranged from 3.8 to 6.8. Resistant collections were not controlled by foramsulfuron, flumioxazin, glyphosate, glufosinate, metribuzin, pronamide, or simazine applied EPOST. Indaziflam content in herbicide-susceptible annual bluegrass was greater than a resistant collection from 0 to 10 days after treatment (DAT). Susceptibility was not restored when resistant collections were treated with indaziflam plus 1-aminobenzotriazole (10 mg L −1 ), tebuconazole (1510 g ha −1 ), or malathion (400 g ha −1 ). CONCLUSIONS: This is a first report of resistance to indaziflam in any plant. Additionally, we confirm that these annual bluegrass collections are resistant to several other herbicidal modes-of-action. It is unclear if this multi-herbicide resistance is due to a single resistance gene, multiple resistance genes, non-target site mechanisms, or a combination thereof. Additional research to better understand resistance mechanisms in these annual bluegrass collections is warranted.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Annual bluegrass (Poa annua) resistance to indaziflam applied early‐postemergence

Brosnan

Vargas

Spesard

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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“…Indaziflam can remain in the soil for three or more years (Sebastian et al 2016b(Sebastian et al , 2017 while these sites were sampled 1 yr posttreatment. Previous work indicates that indaziflam does not negatively impact species richness or abundance 1 yr after treatment and may increase richness in the second year after treatment in rangelands of Colorado (Clark et al 2019;Sebastian et al 2016bSebastian et al , 2017. Species richness and diversity data from 2020, the second year after indaziflam application (data not presented), did not display an increase in species richness or diversity in this transitional ecoregion of northeast Wyoming.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 64%

Effects of Ventenata dubia removal on rangelands of northeast Wyoming

Hart

Mealor

2021

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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Ventenata dubia (Leers) Coss is one of several annual grass invaders of the western US. Ventenata dubia is documented reducing the forage availability for livestock and wildlife as well as lowering biodiversity in the Great Basin. This species has recently spread to the Great Plains, where it could bring these impacts with it. We attempt to answer questions on whether or not conservation practices, in this case removal of V. dubia with herbicide, results in recovery of forage resources and biodiversity. We answer these questions by measuring biomass, cover, and nutrient content one year post treatment at eleven sites in Sheridan County, Wyoming, conducted in two years. Perennial grasses have higher crude protein and total digestible nutrients than V. dubia and removal of V. dubia resulted in a positive perennial grass response both years. Further, the differences in pattern of growth between perennial and annual species, with annual grasses quickly senescing early in the year, make perennial grasses a more dependable forage base with higher available nutrients. Interestingly, total biomass and nutrient mass did not change after V. dubia removal due to equal replacement with perennial grasses. Species richness and diversity were unaffected by removal of V. dubia. Our results suggest that managing invasive annual grasses, particularly V. dubia, in the northern Great Plains can improve forage resources for livestock and wildlife while maintaining species diversity. Therefore, proactive monitoring and management efforts to prevent spread should be prioritized in this region.

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“…The control of invasive annual grasses results in an increase in growth of existing perennial plants due to reduced competition (Sebastian et al 2017a(Sebastian et al , 2020. Established perennial vegetation is largely unaffected by indaziflam (Clark et al 2019), likely because roots of perennial plants often extend below the zone of herbicide activity. However, new recruitment of a nonnative perennial species was inhibited by indaziflam (Sebastian et al 2017c), and it is likely that any germinating seeds in the zone of herbicide activity will not emerge, as indaziflam inhibits cellulose biosynthesis in the radicle and is nonselective (Brabham et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indaziflam controls nonnative Alyssum spp. but negatively affects native forbs in sagebrush steppe

Meyer-Morey

Lavin

Mangold

et al. 2021

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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Non-native plant invasions can have devastating effects on native plant communities; conversely management efforts can have non-target and deleterious impacts on desirable plants. In the arid sagebrush steppe rangelands of the western United States, non-native winter annual species affect forage production and biodiversity. One method proposed to control these species is to suppress the soil seed bank using the pre-emergent herbicide indaziflam. Our goal was to evaluate the efficacy of indaziflam to control non-native annual mustards (Alyssum spp.) and to understand potential non-target effects of management on the diverse mountain sagebrush steppe plant communities within Yellowstone National Park. Six sites were established along an elevation gradient (1615 – 2437m), each with high and low Alyssum spp. infestations. We applied 63g ai ha−1 of indaziflam in late summer of 2018 and evaluated plant community cover in situ for two years after treatment, and emergence of forb species from the soil seed bank ex situ. Indaziflam was highly effective at controlling Alyssum spp. emergence for two years. Richness and Shannon’s diversity of the non-target plant community were significantly lower in sprayed plots than the control, and both decreased along the elevation gradient. These reductions were due to a decrease in perennial forbs and native annual forbs in the sprayed plots; perennial graminoids were not affected. Overall, the above ground and seed bank community composition was negatively impacted by indaziflam, and these effects were strongest for the native annual forbs that rely on annual regeneration from the seed bank. The effects of this herbicide to the non-target community should be evaluated beyond the length of our study time, however we conclude indaziflam should likely be reserved for use in areas that are severely invaded and have seed banks that are comprised of non-desirable species rather than diverse, native mountain sagebrush communities.

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Effect of indaziflam on native species in natural areas and rangeland

Cited by 22 publications

References 41 publications

Annual bluegrass (Poa annua) resistance to indaziflam applied early‐postemergence

Annual bluegrass (Poa annua) resistance to indaziflam applied early‐postemergence

Effects of Ventenata dubia removal on rangelands of northeast Wyoming

Indaziflam controls nonnative Alyssum spp. but negatively affects native forbs in sagebrush steppe

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