Effect of Li concentration-dependent material properties on diffusion induced stresses of a Sn anode

Hong, Chung Su; Qaiser, Nadeem; Nam, Hyeon Gyun; Han, Seung Min

doi:10.1039/c9cp00559e

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The total principal strain contains the accumulative strain of the elastic and plastic strains; however, the plastic strain starts to evolve only once σ of the respective material exceeds its yield strength. [ 57 ] Figure 7b,d reveal the distribution of the total principal and plastic strains while stretching the horseshoe and spiral, respectively. Figure 7b shows that for copper, gold, and aluminum, the horseshoe does not experience any plastic deformation until the applied stretch reaches 300%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Criteria for Horseshoe and Spiral‐Based Interconnects for Highly Stretchable Electronic Devices

Qaiser

Damdam

Khan

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

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Stretchable electronics can be used for numerous advanced applications such as soft and wearable actuators, sensors, bio‐implantable devices, and surgical tools because of their ability to conform to curvilinear surfaces, including human skin. The efficacy of these devices depends on the development of stretchable geometries such as interconnection‐based configurations and the associated mechanics that helps to achieve optimum configurations. This work presents the essential mechanics of silicon (Si) island‐interconnection structures, which include horseshoe and spiral interconnections, without reducing the areal efficiency. In particular, this study demonstrates the range of the geometrical parameters where they have a high stretchability and cyclic life. The numerical results predict the areas that are prone to breaking followed by experimental validation. The figure‐of‐merit for these configurations is achieved by mapping the fracture‐free zones for in‐plane and out‐of‐plane stretching with essential implications in stretchable and wearable system design. Furthermore, this work demonstrates the mechanical response for a range of materials (i.e., copper, gold, aluminum, silver, and graphene) that experience the plastic deformations in contrast to conventionally used Si‐based devices that represent the extended usage for advanced stretchable electronic devices. The detailed mechanics of these configurations provides comprehensive guidelines to manufacture wearable and stretchable electronic devices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Criteria for Horseshoe and Spiral‐Based Interconnects for Highly Stretchable Electronic Devices

Qaiser

Damdam

Khan

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

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“…All the material parameters were specified according to experimental data whenever possible. [ 41‐42 ] Specifically, the Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio of the lithiated product of Sn were both assumed to linearly vary with Li concentration, that is, from 50 to 28 GPa and from 0.33 to 0.15, respectively, as the normalized Li concentration

c

varied from 0 ( c ‐Sn) to 1 (the fully lithiated phase). The two creep parameters,

A

and

n

, were set to be

2.3 \times 10^{‐ 8}

and 1.5, respectively, and the yield stress was assumed to be a constant 150 MPa.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress‐Regulation Design of Lithium Alloy Electrode toward Stable Battery Cycling

Gui

et al. 2022

Energy & Environ Materials

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Metallic tin (Sn) foil is a promising candidate anode for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to its metallurgical processability and high capacity. However, it suffers low initial Coulombic efficiency and inferior cycling stability due to its uneven alloying/dealloying reactions, large volume change and stress, and fast electrode structural degradation. Herein, we report an undulating LiSn electrode fabricated by a scalable two‐step procedure involving mechanical lithography and chemical prelithiation of Sn foil. With the combination of experimental measurements and chemo‐mechanical simulations, it was revealed the obtained undulating LiSn/Sn electrode could ensure better mechanical stability due to the pre‐swelling state from Sn to LixSn and undulating structure of lithography in comparison with plane Sn, homogenize the electrochemical alloying/dealloying reactions due to the activated surface materials, and compensate Li loss during cycling due to the introduction of excess Li from LixSn, thus enabling enhanced electrochemical performance. Symmetric cells consisting of undulating LiSn/Sn electrode with an active thickness of ∼5 um displayed stable cycling over 1000 h at 1 mA cm‐2 and 1 mAh cm‐2 with a low average overpotential of <15 mV. When paired with commercial LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622) cathode with high mass loading of 15.8 mg cm‐2, the full cell demonstrated a high capacity of 2.4 mAh cm‐2 and outstanding cycling stability with 84.9% capacity retention at 0.5 C after 100 cycles. This work presents an advanced LiSn electrode with stress‐regulation design toward high‐performance LIBs, and sheds light on the rational electrode design and processing of other high‐capacity lithium alloy anodes.

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“…The effect of the stress-limited diffusion is explicitly expressed in the differential equation for the mass transport, as revealed in eqn (31) and the corresponding boundary conditions of (32). Using the same dimensionless variables in eqn (8), eqn (32)- (35) Similar to the case of Fick's diffusion, the whole loss function of PDEs is calculated as the sum of the residuals of the PDEs and initial and boundary conditions, L DIS = L PDEs + l(L BCs + L ICs ), with L ICs the same as the case without the stresslimited diffusion and…”

Section: Diss In the Elastic Sphere With Stress-limited Diffusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ostadhossein et al 7 studied stress effects on the initial lithiation of crystalline silicon nanowires in LIBs based on ReaxFF. Hong et al 8 used the numerical simulation in analyzing the DIS evolution in Sn micropillars.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A physics-inspired neural network to solve partial differential equations – application in diffusion-induced stress

Yuan

Zhang

et al. 2022

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Effect of Li concentration-dependent material properties on diffusion induced stresses of a Sn anode

Abstract: Concentration-dependent material properties corresponding to lithiated phases of Sn anode are important factors to predict the stress generation of Sn anode during lithiation.

Cited by 20 publications

References 34 publications

Design Criteria for Horseshoe and Spiral‐Based Interconnects for Highly Stretchable Electronic Devices

Design Criteria for Horseshoe and Spiral‐Based Interconnects for Highly Stretchable Electronic Devices

Stress‐Regulation Design of Lithium Alloy Electrode toward Stable Battery Cycling

A physics-inspired neural network to solve partial differential equations – application in diffusion-induced stress

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