Effect of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in infant formula on problem solving at 10 months of age

Willatts, Peter; Forsyth, JS; DiModugno, M K; Varma, Sangeeta; Colvin, M

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(97)11374-5

Cited by 402 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The test we use in the present study assesses a specific cognitive type of behavior and is in this respect similar to the one used in the Norwegian study, whereas the other two trials have used global tests of infant development. Willatts et al showed a beneficial effect of DHA and AA on means-end problem solving at nine and ten months of age in a small trial with formula-fed infants [8,9]. In that study the intention score at nine months of age was around seven with 36% intentional solutions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…of Psychology, University of Dundee, UK) [8,9]. The infant sat on the parent's lap and was presented with a two-step problem, independently (pretests) and combined as described by Dr Willatts et al [9].…”

Section: Means-end Problem Solvingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A meta-analysis has shown an approximate 3 IQ-point benefit of breastfeeding when compared to infant formulas [5]. Some randomized supplementation studies, comparing term infants fed formulas enriched with DHA or DHA and n-6 PUFA (arachidonic acid (AA) or gammalinoleic acid) or standard infant formulas, have shown beneficial effects on cognitive development [6][7][8][9], but other studies did not confirm this [10][11][12][13][14]. Furthermore, one study found a transient negative effect on linguistic development in infants supplemented with DHA [11,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However the effect of DHA may be more clearly elucidated by more specific test of cognitive development [28]. The Infant Planning Test is specifically designed to determine meansend problem solving at 8-11 months of age and has previously in a small randomized study been shown to reflect DHA+AA-supplementation [8,9]. Early language development has in a single combined randomized and cross-sectional study been reported to be associated with early DHA-intake [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal fish oil supplementation in lactation: effect on developmental outcome in breast-fed infants

Lauritzen¹,

et al. 2005

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-Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) accumulates in the brain during the 1st and 2nd years of life. The objective of this study was to see if an increased content of DHA in breast-milk via maternal fish oil (FO)-supplementation affects mental development in term infants. one hundred twenty-two Danish mothers with a habitual fish intake below the population median were randomized to 4.5 g·d -1 of FO or olive oil (OO) for the first four months of lactation. Fifty-three mothers with habitual fish intake in the highest quartile were included as reference group. The effect of the resulting increase in infant DHA-intake and RBC-DHA level was assessed on problem solving ability at nine months and language at one and two years of age. Infants in the three groups performed equally well on the problem test and no association was observed between problem solving and erythrocyte-DHA at four months. Passive vocabulary at one year was lower in the children of the FO-compared with the OOgroup (P < 0.05), but no differences were found at two years of age. Word comprehension at one year was inversely associated with erythrocyte-DHA at four months. The trial indicate a small effect of DHA levels in breast-milk on early language development of breast-fed infants.docosahexaenoic acid / breast-milk / infant development / long-chain n-3 fatty acid / optimal dietary intake Abbreviations: AA: arachidonic acid; CDI: communicative development inventory; DHA: docosahexaenoic acid; FO: fish oil; LCPUFA: long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid; OO: olive oil; PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acid; RBC: red blood cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Means-end Problem Solvingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal fish oil supplementation in lactation: effect on developmental outcome in breast-fed infants

Lauritzen¹,

et al. 2005

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“…Moreover, LC-PUFA of n-3 series influences positively the neurological development of preterm infants, including mental development (Agostoni, 1997;Willatts et al, 1998). It is known that LC-PUFA affects perception and cognitive functions in infancy, although the potential long-term effects in childhood have not been determined.…”

Section: Physiological and Clinical Effects Of Lc-pufa In Infancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in infant nutrition

2003

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Objective: To review briefly the influence of dietary long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) on tissue composition and functionality in early infancy. Moreover, the influences of LC-PUFA sources on plasma composition as well as the effects of these fatty acids on intestinal repair after malnutrition are discussed. Results: Human milk not only supplies essential fatty acids but also contains up to 2% of the total fatty acids as LC-PUFA, of which arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are considered the most important. Plasma and erythrocyte levels of both AA and DHA are decreased in infants fed artificial standard milk formulae. However, the supplementation of formulae with these fatty acids in amounts close to that of human milk leads to tissue LC-PUFA patterns similar to those of breast-fed infants. However, the bioavailability of LC-PUFA depends on the typical LC-PUFA source; egg phospholipids increases both AA and DHA in plasma phospholipids and HDL more than a mixture of tuna and fungal triglycerides. Conclusions: Dietary LC-PUFA affects positively the growth and development of the infant and ameliorates the visual and cognitive functions, particularly in preterm infants. Likewise, LC-PUFA improves intestinal repair in severe protein-energy malnutrition; therefore, its qualitative and quantitative dietary supply should be considered.

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Specific requirements for n‐3 and n‐6 long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids for preterm and term infantš

Makrides

Gibson

2001

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Effect of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in infant formula on problem solving at 10 months of age

Cited by 402 publications

References 19 publications

Maternal fish oil supplementation in lactation: effect on developmental outcome in breast-fed infants

Maternal fish oil supplementation in lactation: effect on developmental outcome in breast-fed infants

Role of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in infant nutrition

Specific requirements for n‐3 and n‐6 long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids for preterm and term infantš

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