Effect of magnesium ions/Type I collagen promote the biological behavior of osteoblasts and its mechanism

Abstract

Type I collagen (Col I) is a main component of extracellular matrix (ECM). Its safety, biocompatibility, hydrophilicity and pyrogen immunogenicity make it suitable for tissues engineering applications. Mg2+ also control a myriad of cellular processes, including the bone development by enhancing the attachment and differentiation of osteoblasts and accelerating mineralization to enhance bone healing. In our studies, Mg2+ bind collagen to promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts through the expression of integrins and downstream signaling pathways. In order to clarify the biological behavior effect of 10 mM Mg2+/Col I coating, we performed 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 4′6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), Alizarin red staining and Rhodamine B-isothiocyanate (RITC)-labeled phalloidin experiments and found that 10 mM Mg2+ group, Col I-coating group, 10 mM Mg2+/Col I-coating group, respectively, promoted the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, especially 10 mM Mg2+/Col I-coating group. We detected the mRNA expression of osteogenic-related genes (Runx2, ALP and OCN, OPN and BMP-2) and the protein expression of signaling pathway (integrin α2, integrin β1, FAK and ERK1/2), these results indicated that 10 mM Mg2+/Col I coating play an critical role in up-regulating the MC3T3-E1 cells activity. The potential mechanisms of this specific performance may be through activating via integrin α2β1-FAK-ERK1/2 protein-coupled receptor pathway.

Strontium ranelate incorporated 3D porous sulfonated PEEK simulating MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation

“…Chemical elements, such as zinc [ 1 ], magnesium [ 46 ], calcium [ 47 ] and strontium [ 48 ], have been shown to exhibit superior properties for bone regeneration by promoting bone-related cell proliferation, differentiation and osteogenesis-related genes expression [ 49–51 ]. Recently, SR has received more attention owing to its ability to simultaneously modulate osteoclasts and osteoblasts through several pathways [ 28 , 52 ].…”

Double-edged effects caused by magnesium ions and alkaline environment regulate bioactivities of magnesium-incorporated silicocarnotite in vitro

“…In order to comprehensively understand changes in osteogenic activity caused by MgO incorporation, assays covering gene, protein and cellular levels were conducted. Mg is known to upregulate osteogenic genes in MC3T3-E1 cells and extracellular formation such as COL-1 in bone tissue [ 57 ]. It is therefore necessary to evaluate relevant expressions in our study.…”

Cross-Talks between the Cardiovascular Disease-Sarcopenia-Osteoporosis Triad and Magnesium in Humans

“…It is a physiological blocker of the NMDA receptor. At the bone level, regeneration and osteogenic differentiation are facilitated by the activation of Wnt-βcatenin [50], Integrins [51], Notch-1 [52], and the inhibition of TGF-β [53]. At the cardiovascular level, diminution of calcification, improved endothelial function, and fibrosis are facilitated by the activation of angiotensin II receptor [54], Wnt β catenin [55], and the inhibition of TGF-β [56].…”

“…Low serum Mg levels have been shown to be associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in the general population [64]. A recent meta-analysis of [50], Integrins [51], Notch-1 [52], and the inhibition of TGF-β [53]. At the cardiovascular level, diminution of calcification, improved endothelial function, and fibrosis are facilitated by the activation of angiotensin II receptor [54], Wnt/β-catenin [55], and the inhibition of TGF-β [56].…”

“…Mg ions promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells [128], but high concentrations of extracellular Mg ions may inhibit mineralization [129]. Solute carriers across the membrane [129], parathyroid hormone, cytokines, TGFβ [53,56], Wnt/β-catenin [50], integrins, MAP kinases [51], and Akt-mTor [130] signalling pathways are all known to play a role in osteogenic differentiation. Mg probably uses these pathways to modulate bone ossification, but the fine tuning of this modulation with physiological Mg levels or supplemented Mg may suggest different mechanisms.…”