Effect of Nano‐Zirconia on the Mechanical and Biological Properties of Calcium Silicate Scaffolds

Abstract

The calcium silicate (CaSiO 3 ) scaffolds added with 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 wt% nano-zirconia (nano-ZrO 2 ) with controlable porous structure were fabricated via selective laser sintering. The effects of nano-ZrO 2 content on the microstructure, crystalline phase, and mechanical and biological properties were investigated. The results showed that the compressive strength and fracture toughness of the scaffolds were enhanced by the addition of nano-ZrO 2 , and the phase transformation of monoclinic phase (m-ZrO 2 ) into tetragonal phase (t-ZrO 2 ) occurred, which was favorable for the reinforcing ability of ZrO 2 due to the stressinduced phase transformation toughening mechanism. However, the excessive amount of nano-ZrO 2 would cause undesired agglomeration, poor sinterability, and weak apatite-forming ability. In vitro results showed that there were bone-like apatite layer formation and MG-63 cells attachment on the surfaces of the scaffolds, indicating the scaffolds possessed good biological properties.

Influence of incorporation of ZrO₂ nanoparticles on the repair strength of polymethyl methacrylate denture bases

“…[18][19][20][21] Zirconia (ZrO 2 ) is a metal oxide that has been widely used because it possesses high mechanical strength, good surface properties, and good biocompatibility and biological properties, thus making it a beneficial material for use in dental materials, such as reinforcement of denture bases and repair. [22][23][24][25] The incorporation of zirconia nanoparticles (nano-ZrO 2 ) into PMMA has been suggested to improve PMMA properties. 26,27 The addition of nano-ZrO 2 to PMMA significantly improves flexural strength and impact strength.…”

Analysis of 3D Printed Diopside Scaffolds Properties for Tissue Engineering

“…The optimal fracture toughness was 3.10 ± 0.22 MPam 1/2 . The compressive property was much greater than that of trabecular bone (range from 0.1 to 16 MPa) [17], and fracture toughness was comparable to that of human cortical bone (2 -12 MPam 1/2 ) [18]. Compressive strength of the diopside scaffolds fabricated by Wu C. et al [3] via polymer sponge template method was 1.36 ± 0.37 MPa.…”

A review on powder-based additive manufacturing for tissue engineering: selective laser sintering and inkjet 3D printing

“…Nanosized HA powder has a high specific surface area which can improve the sinterability and densification of scaffolds. Although pure CS and HA are known as biocompatible materials, the poor mechanical properties of fabricated scaffolds have limited their application [53, 58]. …”

“…By mixing ceramics and polymers into composites, the mechanical properties are significantly improved because the problem of brittleness and the difficulty of shaping hard ceramics can be overcome [53, 58, 70]. …”