Effect of niacin supplementation on performance and blood parameters of Holstein cows

Karkoodi, K.; Tamizrad, K.

doi:10.4314/sajas.v39i4.51128

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In our study, glucose concentrations were significantly higher in cows that received niacin compared to the control group during all the weeks of examination. Other authors (Doreau and Ottou 1996;Di Constanzo 1997;Ghorbani et al 2008;Karkoodi and Tamizrad 2009) have found similar results, i.e. cows that received niacin indicated elevated plasma glucose concentrations in comparison with the control group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Effects of niacin supplementation on the insulin resistance in Holstein cows during early lactation

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Insulin resistance in early lactation includes low glucose concentration, low insulin release and responsiveness and high lipolysis. Niacin is important antilipolytic agent and leads to increase glucose and insulin concentration. The objectives of this study were to determine the influence of niacin on the insulin resistance in cows during early lactation using the difference of value and regression analysis between blood non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), glucose and insulin concentrations, revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and glucose-to-insulin ratio. Niacin supplementation led to a decrease of NEFA concentration and an increase of glucose and insulin concentrations during the first three weeks after calving. Cows in the niacin group which were more resistant to insulin showed higher concentrations of non-esterified fatty acid in comparison with more sensitive cows from the same group, but still lower than the control. The regression analyses suggest the following characteristics of cows supplemented with niacin in comparison with the control group: the insulin response to glucose was more intense; the antilipolytic effect of insulin was lower; insulin efficiency expressed as glucose-to-insulin ratio increase with a decrease in NEFA. The metabolic changes due to niacin supplementation showed a dual influence on the insulin resistance in dairy cows during early lactation: decreased NEFA concentrations led to a decrease in the insulin resistance (due to an increase in insulin efficiency and insulin sensitivity index), but increased concentrations of insulin and glucose possibly caused an increase in the insulin resistance in dairy cows (due to lower insulin sensitivity index and possibly lower antilipolytic effects of insulin).

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Effects of niacin supplementation on the insulin resistance in Holstein cows during early lactation

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Only a few studies recorded increased glucose concentration (Ghorbani et al, 2008;Karkoodi & Tamizrad, 2009). In contrast, in the present trial the researchers found significantly lower plasma glucose concentrations in cows that were receiving supplemental niacin compared with those on the unsupplemented diets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of niacin supplementation (40 weeks) and two dietary levels of concentrate on performance, blood and fatty acid profiles of dairy cattle

Rauls¹,

Meyer²,

Hüther³

et al. 2015

SA J. An. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of 24 g niacin (nicotinic acid (NA)) supplementation over 40 weeks with two forage-to-concentrate ratios (60% concentrate vs. 30% in the total diet) on performance variables of energy metabolism such as plasma concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), glucose and nicotinamide (NAM), and the fatty acid profile in rumen fluid. In a 2 x 2 factorial design, 64 German Holstein cows were divided postpartum into four dietary groups: i) 60% concentrate supplemented with 24 g NA (Group 60 + NA); ii) 60% concentrate without NA (Group 60−); iii) 30% concentrate with 24 g NA (Group 30 + NA) and iv) 30% concentrate without NA (Group 30−). The experiment started on the day of calving and continued for 40 weeks. Niacin supplementation did not affect milk yield or composition. The plasma niacin content increased in the supplemented groups, especially Group 30 + NA. Niacin supplementation led to decreased plasma glucose concentrations. The interaction of concentrate x niacin enhanced the molar proportion of propionic acid in rumen fluid in Group 60 + NA. Total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations were increased by level of concentrate, niacin supplementation and the interaction, concentrate x niacin. Plasma levels of NEFA and BHB remained unaffected. In sum, concentrate level, niacin supplementation and the interaction of concentrate x niacin increased plasma NAM concentration, whereas plasma glucose concentration was decreased by niacin supplementation. ______________________________________________________________________________________

show abstract

“…The similar condition is valid for milk parameters. Enhanced niacin concentrations in blood did not necessarily affect milk production or composition (Karkoodi et al, 2009).…”

Section: Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…When animals have received deficient levels of tryptophan, increasing amounts of dietary tryptophan are used first to restore nitrogen balance, next to restore blood pyridine nucleotides and then to be excreted as niacin metabolites. Under starvation or energy restriction, efficiency of conversion is increased (Karkoodi et al, 2009 In ruminants, niacin is particularly required for protein and energy metabolism, involving liver detoxification of portal blood NH 3 to urea along with metabolism of ketones in liver during ketosis. It is quite evident that niacin can enhance microbial protein synthesis (Girard, 1998).…”

Section: Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of niacin supplementation in dairy cattle: A review

Panda¹,

Panda²,

Panigrahy³

et al. 2017

AJDFR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Niacin (Vitamin B 3 ) is significantly important for the metabolism of animals and human beings due to its incorporation into the coenzymes NAD and NADP. For dairy cows, the microbial synthesis of niacin in the rumen is an important source besides its availability from feed and endogenous formation. This vitamin is involved in various energy-yielding pathways and for synthesis of amino acid and fatty acid; for which it is important for milk production. Supplementation of niacin has beneficial effects on growth of cattle. The production performance of dairy cows fed with niacin at 6g/day may not be satisfactory, but supplementation of 12g of niacin per head per day can increase milk production by about 1lb. An optimistic return on asset is possible if the supplementation is limited to high producing early lactation cows. Supplementing the dairy animals with a dose of 6-12g of niacin will not only protect them from various metabolic diseases but will also help them defend from severe heat stress; ultimately leading to augmentation of their health, production potential and economy.

show abstract

Effect of niacin supplementation on performance and blood parameters of Holstein cows

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of niacin supplementation on the insulin resistance in Holstein cows during early lactation

Effects of niacin supplementation on the insulin resistance in Holstein cows during early lactation

Effects of niacin supplementation (40 weeks) and two dietary levels of concentrate on performance, blood and fatty acid profiles of dairy cattle

Role of niacin supplementation in dairy cattle: A review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About