Effect of organic and mineral fertilizers on soil P and C levels, crop yield and P leaching in a long term trial on a silt loam soil

Nest, Thijs Vanden; Vandecasteele, Bart; Ruysschaert, Greet; Cougnon, Mathias; Merckx, Roel; Reheul, Dirk

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2014.07.019

Cited by 73 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…REF6 was selected as this is a commercial substrate for open air cultivation of Chrysanthemum in larger pots. The protocol is adapted from the soil leaching experiments of Vanden Nest et al (2014), but no underpressure was needed for the columns with growing media as free drainage occurred (Full details: see Suppl. Method 1, Fig.…”

Section: Leaching Test N Mineralisation and P Fertilizer Replacement Of Ssgm1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Grow - Store - Steam - Re-peat: Reuse of spent growing media for circular cultivation of Chrysanthemum

Vandecasteele¹,

Blindeman²,

Amery³

et al. 2020

Journal of Cleaner Production

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Substantially extending the life span of peat-and perlite-based growing media is a measure to increase the sustainability of soilless cultivation. The extraction of peat from pristine peatlands threatens these sensitive ecosystems and carbon sinks, meanwhile resulting in increased emissions of greenhouse gasses. Each batch of peat that is reused, results in a clear reduction in CO 2 emissions and a lower impact on the climate. After using growing media for one cultivation, we aim at reusing the spent material as growing medium for another crop. Spent peat and perlite based growing media from strawberry and cucumber cultivation were upcycled after steam treatment. We tested the effectiveness of steaming to reduce phytosanitary risks. The hygienisation efficiency of the steam treatment was confirmed: plant pathogenic fungi, larvae of vine weevils and weed seeds added or already present before the process were killed by the steam treatment. As the upcycled spent growing medium already contained high nutrient levels, the fertilizer application in the reused growing medium should be reduced, especially for P and K. Five indicators for assessing stability of the materials were used: CO 2 flux measurements, oxygen uptake rate (OUR), biodegradation potential, mineral N content and risk for N immobilization. The spent growing media had a low decomposition rate and the release of nutrients in a leaching experiment was lower than for a fertilized peat-based growing medium, being a reference blend for open field cultivated Chrysanthemum. N mineralisation and P uptake were tested in an incubation and pot trial, respectively, and the upcycled spent growing medium was found to be an important source of plant-available K and P. Steam treatment did not severely affect the microbial biomass and diversity of the spent growing media. Blending the steam-treated spent media with other materials or inoculating by a commercially available biocontrol fungus also had a limited effect, indicating that newly introduced microorganisms do not easily establish in steamed-treated spent growing media (SSGM). Acidification of the SSGM was achieved by a low dose of elemental S. The steam-treated growing medium was tested for growing Chrysanthemum cuttings and plantlets. Spent growing media were not able to supply sufficient mineral N, but the stored amounts of P and K in the media were sufficiently plant available for optimal crop growth.

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Section: Leaching Test N Mineralisation and P Fertilizer Replacement Of Ssgm1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Grow - Store - Steam - Re-peat: Reuse of spent growing media for circular cultivation of Chrysanthemum

Vandecasteele¹,

Blindeman²,

Amery³

et al. 2020

Journal of Cleaner Production

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show abstract

“…If an amendment is applied to increase soil P solubilisation, desorption rates and bioavailability (Chasse and Ohno 2016; Edwards et al 2016; Guppy et al 2005) it would arguably also increase P losses (Nest et al 2014) through leaching and runoff, and therefore would possibly aggravate the diffuse nutrient pollution of receiving waters and reduce the sustainability of agriculture. Considering both fresh water and oceans, current planetary conditions exceed all boundaries for P discharges (Carpenter and Bennett 2011).…”

Section: Approaches and Technologies For Sustainably Increasing Recalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for mobilizing recalcitrant phosphorus from agricultural soils: a review

et al. 2017

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Background Phosphorus (P) fertilizer is usually applied in excess of plant requirement and accumulates in soils due to its strong adsorption, rapid precipitation and immobilisation into unavailable forms including organic moieties. As soils are complex and diverse chemical, biochemical and biological systems, strategies to access recalcitrant soil P are often inefficient, case specific and inconsistently applicable in different soils. Finding a near-universal or at least widely applicable solution to the inefficiency in agricultural P use by plants is an important unsolved problem that has been under investigation for more than half a century. Scope In this paper we critically review the strategies proposed for the remobilization of recalcitrant soil phosphorus for crops and pastures worldwide. We have additionally performed a meta-analysis of available soil 31 P-NMR data to establish the potential agronomic value of different stored P forms in agricultural soils. Conclusions Soil inorganic P stocks accounted on average for 1006 ± 115 kg ha −1 (57 ± 7%), while the monoester P pool accounted for 587 ± 32 kg ha −1 (33 ± 2%), indicating the huge potential for the future agronomic use of the soil legacy P. New impact driven research is needed in order to create solutions for the sustainable management of soil P stocks.

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“…Other nutrients including calcium, zinc, and copper are elevated as well when compared low-input plots, a direct result of the addition of animal manure (Table 4). Excess nutrients and phosphorus leaching are often a side effect of continuous manure or composted manure applications (Evanylo et al, 2008;Vanden Nest et al, 2014). These observations suggest that manure application made to meet nitrogen needs and improve SOM concentration should be made judiciously and balanced with other forms of fertility management such as green manure, the incorporation of mulches, and composts based on vegetation rather than livestock manures (Evanylo et al, 2008;Schmutz et al, 2007).…”

Section: Yr Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term Effect of Manure Application in a Certified Organic Production System on Soil Physical and Chemical Parameters and Vegetable Yields

Verlinden¹,

McDonald²,

Kotcon³

et al. 2017

hortte

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In 1999, West Virginia University (WVU) established an organic farming systems project with a market garden section consisting of 32 plots measuring 16 × 25 ft arranged in a completely randomized design. Sixteen of these plots were managed as high-input and 16 as low-input plots. High-input plots received 10 tons/acre per year of dairy manure and a rye-vetch (Secale cereale and Vicia villosa) cover crop during each winter season since the inception of the experiment in 1999. Fertility in low-input plots was managed solely with an annual rye-vetch cover crop while both treatments also received 5 tons/acre of mixed species hay used as mulch in 2 of every 4 years. A 4-year rotation of crops, green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), zucchini (Cucurbita pepo), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), green pepper (Capsicum annuum), and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in the Fabaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Solanaceae, and Asteraceae families, was established in 1999 and has been maintained ever since. Soil organic matter (SOM) in the upper 6 inches of the soil profile (4.4% in 1999) has remained unchanged in low-input plots at 5.2% in 2004 and 5.4% in 2014, the year following transition and most recent data collection, respectively. During this same time period, significant increases in SOM from 6.4% in 2004 to 8.7% in 2014 were observed in high-input plots. Bulk density was lower in high-input plots than low-input plots in 2014. Despite these improvements in soil quality, high-input plots showed very high levels of phosphorus and potassium. Over the duration of the experiment, yearly manure application increased yields by 22% in all crops combined; however, individual crops responded quite differently. The yield was 9%, 25%, 24%, and 24% higher in high-input plots than in low-input plots for tomato, pepper, zucchini, and green bean, respectively. Manure application in addition to green manures and hay mulch incorporation was found to result in significant economic returns.

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Effect of organic and mineral fertilizers on soil P and C levels, crop yield and P leaching in a long term trial on a silt loam soil

Cited by 73 publications

References 38 publications

Grow - Store - Steam - Re-peat: Reuse of spent growing media for circular cultivation of Chrysanthemum

Grow - Store - Steam - Re-peat: Reuse of spent growing media for circular cultivation of Chrysanthemum

Opportunities for mobilizing recalcitrant phosphorus from agricultural soils: a review

Long-term Effect of Manure Application in a Certified Organic Production System on Soil Physical and Chemical Parameters and Vegetable Yields

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