Effect of particle size on syngas production using sawdust of Cameroonian Triplochiton scleroxylon

Nzali, Bernie Tchouanti; Mvogo, Philippe Onguene; Ali, Ahmed; Mouangue, Ruben

doi:10.1016/j.sciaf.2019.e00182

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It is possible to compare these values with the results obtained by several researchers. However, our results are close to those obtained by [7,22,[34][35][36]. The fiber-reinforced water vapor permeability is equal or superior to that of other building materials in both dry and wet cups.…”

supporting

confidence: 87%

Experimental and Theoretical Study of Adsorption/Desorption Isotherms of Straw Earth Material Used in the Construction of Shell Huts in the Far North of Cameroon

Kola

Mohammadou

Dieudonné

et al. 2022

KEM

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Earth-based materials (EBM) provides a valuable avenue for improving thermal comfort, energy consumption, indoor air quality and humidity regulation. However, in the literature, very few studies have addressed hygrometric characteristics of shell huts in EBM from the far north region of Cameroon. The use EBM is hampered by the non-availability of databases related to their intrinsic properties and through unfamiliarity of their behavior over time. In the meantime, these shell huts in EBM are known for their moisture which regulates properties and thus contributes to the comfort of their occupants. This study aims to determine experimentally the adsorption/desorption isotherms at 30, 40 and 50 °C of the straw earth material carried out by the static gravimetric method for eight saturated salt solutions (LiCl, MgCl2, Mg(NO3)2, NaBr, IK, NaCl, KCl and K2SO4). The experimental curves obtained for absorption / desorption show that for a given water activity, the equilibrium water content Weq increases inversely with temperature (i.e. decreases with increasing temperature, and vice versa). In addition, the absorption curve does not overlap with the desorption curve. As a result, these shell huts in EBM display interesting humidity regulation characteristics.

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confidence: 87%

Experimental and Theoretical Study of Adsorption/Desorption Isotherms of Straw Earth Material Used in the Construction of Shell Huts in the Far North of Cameroon

Kola

Mohammadou

Dieudonné

et al. 2022

KEM

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“…Therefore, it is well known that the process flowrate and the produced volume of syngas increase with small particle biomass size. According to [30], it can be affirmed that the dominant proportion of the sampled sawdust (0.4 to 1 mm) obtained in this study would be of ideal particle size for optimum thermochemical conversion and does not require any further shredding or particle size reduction. This will save energy and time that would have been employed in the shredding process thereby reducing overall processing cost.…”

Section: Energy Potential Of Sawdustmentioning

confidence: 56%

Potentials of sustainable electricity production from sawdust by small-scale wood transformation units: a case study in Cameroon

Veeyee

Bup

Boldor

et al. 2020

Int J Energy Environ Eng

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Wood processing produces large volumes of residues which, when not properly managed, pose an environmental problem in the vicinity and beyond. These residues mainly constituted of sawdust and wood shavings, possess important energy potentials that are largely underexploited in Cameroon. In this work, we investigate the possibility that sawdust generated by wood transformation units (WTU) in Cameroon can be used sustainably to render them self-sufficient in terms of electricity demands through the production of syngas in a gasification process. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used in the research. Initially, a questionnaire was employed to quantify the sawdust produced in the town of Yaounde, Cameroon. A major WTU "LFM_Sciérie" was selected to evaluate the feasibility of electricity generation from syngas produced by gasification of its wood waste. Proximate analysis of sawdust sampled from the LFM sawmill included moisture content 17.74 ± 0.27%, ash content 3.91 ± 1.54%, volatile matter 74.62 ± 1.47%, and fixed carbon 3.73%. The gross calorific value of the sawdust sample was estimated to be 20.08 MJ/kg. The total quantity of sawdust produced in the Yaounde municipalities is 290 tons/week which translates to an energy potential of 713 GJ/week. Theoretical calculations and modelling using a thermodynamics software, Cycle-Tempo, indicate that the amount of sawdust generated at the LFM sawmill of about 7 tons/ week, can conveniently satisfy its electricity demands of approximately 3.3 MW/week. Small-scale WTUs in Yaounde can be rendered energy-autonomous by the generation of electricity from syngas produced via a gasification process of its waste.

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“…Paradoxically, the use of wood energy remains a major concern in large urban centres in Cameroon and other Central African countries, where it represents the main form of domestic energy (Marien et al, 2013). Indeed, faced with the difficulty to access the other forms of energy such as: fossil energy, hydroelectric energy, and alternative energies (solar, wind), wood consumption is increasing sharply in most countries in this region (Schure et al, 2010) and this trend will certainly continue to evolve in the coming decades due to demographic expansion. In Cameroon, where nearly 83% of the population depends on woody biomass as energy source, charcoal consumption is growing at a rate of 2.67%/year (Eba'a Atyi et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonization techniques and wood species influence quality attributes of charcoals produced from industrial sawmill residues in Eastern Cameroon

et al. 2020

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Cameroon harvests a considerable volume of round wood each year, only a small part of which is used for manufactured products. In recent decades, various charcoal-making initiatives have emerged around industrial timber-processing units, particularly in the eastern region, in order to develop a market for residual biomass. However, the undifferentiated use of these residues obtained from different species often results in products with varying energy potential that are not always appreciated by consumers. Moreover, the physical and chemical characteristics of the charcoal produced are unknown, as are the factors that influence its quality. The aim of this study was to assess the variability of the physical and chemical properties of charcoal produced from industrial sawmill residues in the eastern region of Cameroon using different carbonisation techniques. Three wood species, Ayous, Frake and Movingui, and three types of kilns (traditional, improved traditional and Casamance system) were used. For each species, three bundles of five pieces of wood each were prepared, with an initial moisture content ranging from 28% to 36%. The physical and chemical properties determined were moisture content, apparent density, volatile matter content, fixed carbon content, ash content and Higher Heating Value (HHV). Our results showed that the charcoal properties varied depending on the wood species and types of kilns used. Movingui, with the highest density (0.73 g/cm3), produced charcoal with the lowest moisture content (4.03%) and the highest apparent density (0.42 g/cm3). The lowest volatile matter content (20.32%), the lowest ash content (1.27%) and the highest fixed carbon content (74.95%) were also obtained with this species. All these values were obtained with Movingui charcoal produced with the Casamance system. However, the highest HHV (32.51 MJ/kg) was obtained with charcoal from Ayous, also produced with the Casamance system. On comparing the three charcoaling systems used, the Casamance model yielded the best physical and chemical charcoal properties. All the charcoals studied complied with FAO standards for cooking fuel. The highest HHV obtained with charcoal from Ayous hardwood shows its ability to release large amounts of thermal energy during combustion. Keywords: Charcoal, carbonization technologies, eastern Cameroon, physicochemical properties, industrial sawmills wastes.

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Effect of particle size on syngas production using sawdust of Cameroonian Triplochiton scleroxylon

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Experimental and Theoretical Study of Adsorption/Desorption Isotherms of Straw Earth Material Used in the Construction of Shell Huts in the Far North of Cameroon

Experimental and Theoretical Study of Adsorption/Desorption Isotherms of Straw Earth Material Used in the Construction of Shell Huts in the Far North of Cameroon

Potentials of sustainable electricity production from sawdust by small-scale wood transformation units: a case study in Cameroon

Carbonization techniques and wood species influence quality attributes of charcoals produced from industrial sawmill residues in Eastern Cameroon

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